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Identification of a molecular signaling network that regulates a cellular necrotic cell death pathway.

ABSTRACT: Stimulation of death receptors by agonists such as FasL and TNFalpha activates apoptotic cell death in apoptotic-competent conditions or a type of necrotic cell death dependent on RIP1 kinase, termed necroptosis, in apoptotic-deficient conditions. In a genome-wide siRNA screen for regulators of necroptosis, we identify a set of 432 genes that regulate necroptosis, a subset of 32 genes that act downstream and/or as regulators of RIP1 kinase, 32 genes required for death-receptor-mediated apoptosis, and 7 genes involved in both necroptosis and apoptosis. We show that the expression of subsets of the 432 genes is enriched in the immune and nervous systems, and cellular sensitivity to necroptosis is regulated by an extensive signaling network mediating innate immunity. Interestingly, Bmf, a BH3-only Bcl-2 family member, is required for death-receptor-induced necroptosis. Our study defines a cellular signaling network that regulates necroptosis and the molecular bifurcation that controls apoptosis and necroptosis.

SUBMITTER: Hitomi J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2621059 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of a molecular signaling network that regulates a cellular necrotic cell death pathway.

Hitomi Junichi J Christofferson Dana E DE Ng Aylwin A Yao Jianhua J Degterev Alexei A Xavier Ramnik J RJ Yuan Junying J

Cell 20081201 7

Stimulation of death receptors by agonists such as FasL and TNFalpha activates apoptotic cell death in apoptotic-competent conditions or a type of necrotic cell death dependent on RIP1 kinase, termed necroptosis, in apoptotic-deficient conditions. In a genome-wide siRNA screen for regulators of necroptosis, we identify a set of 432 genes that regulate necroptosis, a subset of 32 genes that act downstream and/or as regulators of RIP1 kinase, 32 genes required for death-receptor-mediated apoptosis ...[more]

PMID: 19109899

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Project description:BackgroundThe target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) is an evolutionarily conserved signal transduction pathway activated by environmental nutrients that regulates gene transcription to control cell growth and proliferation. How TORC1 modulates chromatin structure to control gene expression, however, is largely unknown. Because TORC1 is a major transducer of environmental information, defining this process has critical implications for both understanding environmental effects on epigenetic processes and the role of aberrant TORC1 signaling in many diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.ResultsTo elucidate the role of TORC1 signaling in chromatin regulation, we screened a budding yeast histone H3 and H4 mutant library using the selective TORC1 inhibitor rapamycin to identify histone residues functionally connected to TORC1. Intriguingly, we identified histone H3 lysine 37 (H3K37) as a residue that is essential during periods of limited TORC1 activity. An H3K37A mutation resulted in cell death by necrosis when TORC1 signaling was simultaneously impaired. The induction of necrosis was linked to alterations in high mobility group (HMG) protein binding to chromatin. Furthermore, the necrotic phenotype could be recapitulated in wild-type cells by deregulating the model HMG proteins, Hmo1 or Ixr1, thus implicating a direct role for HMG protein deregulation as a stimulus for inducing necrosis.ConclusionsThis study identifies histone H3 and H4 residues functionally required for TORC1-dependent cell growth and proliferation that are also candidate epigenetic pathways regulated by TORC1 signaling. It also demonstrates a novel role for H3K37 and TORC1 in regulating the binding of select HMG proteins to chromatin and that HMG protein deregulation can initiate a necrotic cell death response. Overall, the results from this study suggest a possible model by which chromatin anchors HMG proteins during periods of limited TORC1 signaling, such as that which occurs during conditions of nutrient stress, to suppress necrotic cell death.

Dataset Information

Identification of a molecular signaling network that regulates a cellular necrotic cell death pathway.

Publications

Identification of a molecular signaling network that regulates a cellular necrotic cell death pathway.

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