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Different phases of long-term memory require distinct temporal patterns of PKA activity after single-trial classical conditioning.

ABSTRACT: The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is known to play a critical role in both transcription-independent short-term or intermediate-term memory and transcription-dependent long-term memory (LTM). Although distinct phases of LTM already have been demonstrated in some systems, it is not known whether these phases require distinct temporal patterns of learning-induced PKA activation. This question was addressed in a robust form of associative LTM that emerges within a matter of hours after single-trial food-reward classical conditioning in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. After establishing the molecular and functional identity of the PKA catalytic subunit in the Lymnaea nervous system, we used a combination of PKA activity measurement and inhibition techniques to investigate its role in LTM in intact animals. PKA activity in ganglia involved in single-trial learning showed a short latency but prolonged increase after classical conditioning. However, while increased PKA activity immediately after training (0-10 min) was essential for an early phase of LTM (6 h), the late phase of LTM (24 h) required a prolonged increase in PKA activity. These observations indicate mechanistically different roles for PKA in recent and more remote phases of LTM, which may underpin different cellular and molecular mechanisms required for these phases.

SUBMITTER: Michel M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2632788 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Different phases of long-term memory require distinct temporal patterns of PKA activity after single-trial classical conditioning.

Michel Maximilian M Kemenes Ildikó I Müller Uli U Kemenes György G

Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) 20080826 9

The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is known to play a critical role in both transcription-independent short-term or intermediate-term memory and transcription-dependent long-term memory (LTM). Although distinct phases of LTM already have been demonstrated in some systems, it is not known whether these phases require distinct temporal patterns of learning-induced PKA activation. This question was addressed in a robust form of associative LTM that emerges within a matter of hours after single ...[more]

PMID: 18772258

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Project description:Recent research has demonstrated that humans are able to implicitly encode and retain repeating patterns in meaningless auditory noise. Our study aimed at testing the robustness of long-term implicit recognition memory for these learned patterns. Participants performed a cyclic/non-cyclic discrimination task, during which they were presented with either 1-s cyclic noises (CNs) (the two halves of the noise were identical) or 1-s plain random noises (Ns). Among CNs and Ns presented once, target CNs were implicitly presented multiple times within a block, and implicit recognition of these target CNs was tested 4 weeks later using a similar cyclic/non-cyclic discrimination task. Furthermore, robustness of implicit recognition memory was tested by presenting participants with looped (shifting the origin) and scrambled (chopping sounds into 10- and 20-ms bits before shuffling) versions of the target CNs. We found that participants had robust implicit recognition memory for learned noise patterns after 4 weeks, right from the first presentation. Additionally, this memory was remarkably resistant to acoustic transformations, such as looping and scrambling of the sounds. Finally, implicit recognition of sounds was dependent on participant's discrimination performance during learning. Our findings suggest that meaningless temporal features as short as 10 ms can be implicitly stored in long-term auditory memory. Moreover, successful encoding and storage of such fine features may vary between participants, possibly depending on individual attention and auditory discrimination abilities. Significance Statement Meaningless auditory patterns could be implicitly encoded and stored in long-term memory.Acoustic transformations of learned meaningless patterns could be implicitly recognized after 4 weeks.Implicit long-term memories can be formed for meaningless auditory features as short as 10 ms.Successful encoding and long-term implicit recognition of meaningless patterns may strongly depend on individual attention and auditory discrimination abilities.

Dataset Information

Different phases of long-term memory require distinct temporal patterns of PKA activity after single-trial classical conditioning.

Publications

Different phases of long-term memory require distinct temporal patterns of PKA activity after single-trial classical conditioning.

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