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Englerin A, a selective inhibitor of renal cancer cell growth, from Phyllanthus engleri.

ABSTRACT: An extract from Phyllanthus engleri was identified in a bioinformatic analysis of NCI 60-cell natural product extract screening data that selectively inhibited the growth of renal cancer cell lines. Bioassay-guided fractionation yielded two new guaiane sesquiterpenes, englerins A (1) and B (2). Englerin A showed 1000-fold selectivity against six of eight renal cancer cell lines with GI(50) values ranging from 1-87 nM. The structures of 1 and 2 and their relative stereochemistry were established by spectroscopic methods.

SUBMITTER: Ratnayake R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2651161 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Englerin A, a selective inhibitor of renal cancer cell growth, from Phyllanthus engleri.

Ratnayake Ranjala R Covell David D Ransom Tanya T TT Gustafson Kirk R KR Beutler John A JA

Organic letters 20090101 1

An extract from Phyllanthus engleri was identified in a bioinformatic analysis of NCI 60-cell natural product extract screening data that selectively inhibited the growth of renal cancer cell lines. Bioassay-guided fractionation yielded two new guaiane sesquiterpenes, englerins A (1) and B (2). Englerin A showed 1000-fold selectivity against six of eight renal cancer cell lines with GI(50) values ranging from 1-87 nM. The structures of 1 and 2 and their relative stereochemistry were established ...[more]

PMID: 19061394

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Project description:Small-molecule inhibitors of the mTORC2 kinase (torkinibs) have shown efficacy in early clinical trials. However, the torkinibs under study also inhibit the other mTOR-containing complex mTORC1. While mTORC1/mTORC2 combined inhibition may be beneficial in cancer cells, recent reports describe compensatory cell survival upon mTORC1 inhibition due to loss of negative feedback on PI3K, increased autophagy, and increased macropinocytosis. Genetic models suggest that selective mTORC2 inhibition would be effective in breast cancers, but the lack of selective small-molecule inhibitors of mTORC2 have precluded testing of this hypothesis to date. Here we report the engineering of a nanoparticle-based RNAi therapeutic that can effectively silence the mTORC2 obligate cofactor Rictor. Nanoparticle-based Rictor ablation in HER2-amplified breast tumors was achieved following intratumoral and intravenous delivery, decreasing Akt phosphorylation and increasing tumor cell killing. Selective mTORC2 inhibition in vivo, combined with the HER2 inhibitor lapatinib, decreased the growth of HER2-amplified breast cancers to a greater extent than either agent alone, suggesting that mTORC2 promotes lapatinib resistance, but is overcome by mTORC2 inhibition. Importantly, selective mTORC2 inhibition was effective in a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) model, decreasing Akt phosphorylation and tumor growth, consistent with our findings that RICTOR mRNA correlates with worse outcome in patients with basal-like TNBC. Together, our results offer preclinical validation of a novel RNAi delivery platform for therapeutic gene ablation in breast cancer, and they show that mTORC2-selective targeting is feasible and efficacious in this disease setting.Significance: This study describes a nanomedicine to effectively inhibit the growth regulatory kinase mTORC2 in a preclinical model of breast cancer, targeting an important pathogenic enzyme in that setting that has been undruggable to date. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1845-58. ©2018 AACR.

Dataset Information

Englerin A, a selective inhibitor of renal cancer cell growth, from Phyllanthus engleri.

Publications

Englerin A, a selective inhibitor of renal cancer cell growth, from Phyllanthus engleri.

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