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Formation and utility of azasilacyclopentadienes derived from silacyclopropenes and nitriles.

ABSTRACT: The copper-catalyzed insertions of nitriles into the Si-C bonds of silacyclopropenes provide azasilacyclopentadienes, which can be converted to allylic amines after reduction and protodesilylation. The enamine functionality of azasilacyclopentadienes also participates in 1,4-addition reactions and undergoes a hydroboration and oxidation sequence to form an allylic 1,2-amino alcohol.

SUBMITTER: Anderson LL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2659660 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Formation and utility of azasilacyclopentadienes derived from silacyclopropenes and nitriles.

Anderson Laura L LL Woerpel K A KA

Organic letters 20090101 2

The copper-catalyzed insertions of nitriles into the Si-C bonds of silacyclopropenes provide azasilacyclopentadienes, which can be converted to allylic amines after reduction and protodesilylation. The enamine functionality of azasilacyclopentadienes also participates in 1,4-addition reactions and undergoes a hydroboration and oxidation sequence to form an allylic 1,2-amino alcohol. ...[more]

PMID: 19072064

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Project description:The glucosinolates of Brassicaceae plants are converted into bioactive isothiocyanates and other volatiles during a challenge by pathogens and other biotic stressors. However, the role of alternative downstream products with weaker potency (e.g., nitriles) is far from being fully understood. This study tested the possible synergistic antifungal interaction between various glucosinolate-derived nitriles and 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) on 45 fungal strains, including endophytes from horseradish roots (Brassicaceae) and soil fungi, using an airtight system enabling the accurate study of extremely volatile antifungal agents. The median minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 1.28, 6.10, 27.00 and 49.72 mM for 1H-indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN), 3-phenylpropanenitrile (PPN), 4-(methylsulfanyl)-butanenitrile (MSBN) and 3-butenenitrile (BN, = allyl cyanide), respectively. Thus, nitriles were considerably weaker antifungal agents compared to PEITC with a median MIC of 0.04 mM. For the same nitriles, the median fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) of the combinations were 0.562, 0.531, 0.562 and 0.625, respectively. Altogether, 47.7%, 56.8%, 50.0% and 27.3% of tested fungal strains showed a synergistic antifungal activity (FICI ≤ 0.5) for the nitrile-isothiocyanate combinations, respectively. Hypocreales strains showed the least sensitivity towards the GSL decomposition products and their combinations. The mean MIC values for PEITC showed 0.0679 ± 0.0358, 0.0400 ± 0.0214, 0.0319 ± 0.0087 and 0.0178 ± 0.0171 mM for Hypocreales, Eurotiales, Glomerellales and Pleosporales, respectively. In addition, nitriles, especially IAN, also showed significant differences. For the same fungi, the median FICI values fell in the ranges of 0.61-0.67, 0.52-0.61, 0.40-0.50 and 0.48-0.67, respectively, depending on the nitrile. Our results suggest that glucosinolate-derived nitriles may enhance isothiocyanate antifungal activity and that they may play an active role in shaping the plant microbiome and contribute to the filtering of microbes by plants.

Dataset Information

Formation and utility of azasilacyclopentadienes derived from silacyclopropenes and nitriles.

Publications

Formation and utility of azasilacyclopentadienes derived from silacyclopropenes and nitriles.

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