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Crystal structure and association behaviour of the GluR2 amino-terminal domain.

ABSTRACT: Fast excitatory neurotransmission is mediated largely by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), tetrameric, ligand-gated ion channel proteins comprised of three subfamilies, AMPA, kainate and NMDA receptors, with each subfamily sharing a common, modular-domain architecture. For all receptor subfamilies, active channels are exclusively formed by assemblages of subunits within the same subfamily, a molecular process principally encoded by the amino-terminal domain (ATD). However, the molecular basis by which the ATD guides subfamily-specific receptor assembly is not known. Here we show that AMPA receptor GluR1- and GluR2-ATDs form tightly associated dimers and, by the analysis of crystal structures of the GluR2-ATD, propose mechanisms by which the ATD guides subfamily-specific receptor assembly.

SUBMITTER: Jin R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2699365 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Crystal structure and association behaviour of the GluR2 amino-terminal domain.

Jin Rongsheng R Singh Satinder K SK Gu Shenyan S Furukawa Hiroyasu H Sobolevsky Alexander I AI Zhou Jie J Jin Yan Y Gouaux Eric E

The EMBO journal 20090521 12

Fast excitatory neurotransmission is mediated largely by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), tetrameric, ligand-gated ion channel proteins comprised of three subfamilies, AMPA, kainate and NMDA receptors, with each subfamily sharing a common, modular-domain architecture. For all receptor subfamilies, active channels are exclusively formed by assemblages of subunits within the same subfamily, a molecular process principally encoded by the amino-terminal domain (ATD). However, the molecular b ...[more]

PMID: 19461580

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Project description:Epidermal cells of dark-grown plant seedlings reorient their cortical microtubule arrays in response to blue light from a net lateral orientation to a net longitudinal orientation with respect to the long axis of cells. The molecular mechanism underlying this microtubule array reorientation involves katanin, a microtubule severing enzyme, and a plant-specific microtubule associated protein called SPIRAL2. Katanin preferentially severs longitudinal microtubules, generating seeds that amplify the longitudinal array. Upon severing, SPIRAL2 binds nascent microtubule minus ends and limits their dynamics, thereby stabilizing the longitudinal array while the lateral array undergoes net depolymerization. To date, no experimental structural information is available for SPIRAL2 to help inform its mechanism. To gain insight into SPIRAL2 structure and function, we determined a 1.8 Å resolution crystal structure of the Arabidopsis thaliana SPIRAL2 C-terminal domain. The domain is composed of seven core α-helices, arranged in an α-solenoid. Amino-acid sequence conservation maps primarily to one face of the domain involving helices α1, α3, α5, and an extended loop, the α6-α7 loop. The domain fold is similar to, yet structurally distinct from the C-terminal domain of Ge-1 (an mRNA decapping complex factor involved in P-body localization) and, surprisingly, the C-terminal domain of the katanin p80 regulatory subunit. The katanin p80 C-terminal domain heterodimerizes with the MIT domain of the katanin p60 catalytic subunit, and in metazoans, binds the microtubule minus-end factors CAMSAP3 and ASPM. Structural analysis predicts that SPIRAL2 does not engage katanin p60 in a mode homologous to katanin p80. The SPIRAL2 structure highlights an interesting evolutionary convergence of domain architecture and microtubule minus-end localization between SPIRAL2 and katanin complexes, and establishes a foundation upon which structure-function analysis can be conducted to elucidate the role of this domain in the regulation of plant microtubule arrays.

Dataset Information

Crystal structure and association behaviour of the GluR2 amino-terminal domain.

Publications

Crystal structure and association behaviour of the GluR2 amino-terminal domain.

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