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Structural basis of transcription: backtracked RNA polymerase II at 3.4 angstrom resolution.

ABSTRACT: Transcribing RNA polymerases oscillate between three stable states, two of which, pre- and posttranslocated, were previously subjected to x-ray crystal structure determination. We report here the crystal structure of RNA polymerase II in the third state, the reverse translocated, or "backtracked" state. The defining feature of the backtracked structure is a binding site for the first backtracked nucleotide. This binding site is occupied in case of nucleotide misincorporation in the RNA or damage to the DNA, and is termed the "P" site because it supports proofreading. The predominant mechanism of proofreading is the excision of a dinucleotide in the presence of the elongation factor SII (TFIIS). Structure determination of a cocrystal with TFIIS reveals a rearrangement whereby cleavage of the RNA may take place.

SUBMITTER: Wang D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2718261 | biostudies-literature | 2009 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structural basis of transcription: backtracked RNA polymerase II at 3.4 angstrom resolution.

Wang Dong D Bushnell David A DA Huang Xuhui X Westover Kenneth D KD Levitt Michael M Kornberg Roger D RD

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20090501 5931

Transcribing RNA polymerases oscillate between three stable states, two of which, pre- and posttranslocated, were previously subjected to x-ray crystal structure determination. We report here the crystal structure of RNA polymerase II in the third state, the reverse translocated, or "backtracked" state. The defining feature of the backtracked structure is a binding site for the first backtracked nucleotide. This binding site is occupied in case of nucleotide misincorporation in the RNA or damage ...[more]

PMID: 19478184

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