Dataset Information

Glutathione-S-transferase M1, obesity, statins, and autonomic effects of particles: gene-by-drug-by-environment interaction.

ABSTRACT: Air pollution by particulate matter (PM) has been associated with cardiovascular deaths, although the mechanism of action is unclear. One proposed pathway is through disturbances of the autonomic control of the heart.We tested the hypothesis that such disturbances are mediated by PM increasing oxidative stress by examining the association between PM and the high-frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability as modified by the presence or absence of the allele for glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and the use of statins, obesity, high neutrophil counts, higher blood pressure, and older age.We examined the association between particles less than 2.5 microM in aerodiameter (PM2.5) and HF in 497 participants in the Normative Aging Study, using linear regression controlling for covariates.A 10-microg/m3 increase in PM2.5 during the 48 h before HF measurement was associated with a 34% decrease in HF, 95% confidence interval (-9%, -52%), in subjects without the allele, but had no effect in subjects with GSTM1 present. Among GSTM1-null subjects, the use of statins eliminated the effect of PM2.5. Obesity and high neutrophil counts also worsened the PM effects with or without GSTM1.The effects of PM2.5 on HF appear to be mediated by reactive oxygen species. This may be a key pathway for the adverse effects of combustion particles.

SUBMITTER: Schwartz J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2718454 | biostudies-literature | 2005 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Glutathione-S-transferase M1, obesity, statins, and autonomic effects of particles: gene-by-drug-by-environment interaction.

Schwartz Joel J Park Sung Kyun SK O'Neill Marie S MS Vokonas Pantel S PS Sparrow David D Weiss Scott S Kelsey Karl K

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 20050714 12

<h4>Rationale</h4>Air pollution by particulate matter (PM) has been associated with cardiovascular deaths, although the mechanism of action is unclear. One proposed pathway is through disturbances of the autonomic control of the heart.<h4>Objectives</h4>We tested the hypothesis that such disturbances are mediated by PM increasing oxidative stress by examining the association between PM and the high-frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability as modified by the presence or absence of the a ...[more]

PMID: 16020798

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Project description:Background and objectivesStudies investigating the association between glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) gene polymorphism and laryngeal cancer risk have reported conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to conduct a meta-analysis assessing the possible associations of GSTM1 gene polymorphism with laryngeal cancer risk.MethodsThe relevant studies were identified through a search of PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure until May 2011 and selected on the basis of the established inclusion criteria for publications, then a meta-analysis was performed to quantitatively summarize association of GSTM1 polymorphism with laryngeal cancer susceptibility.ResultsSeventeen studies were included in the present meta-analysis (2,180 cases and 2,868 controls). The combined results based on all studies showed that GSTM1 null genotype was associated with increased laryngeal cancer risk (OR?=?1.17, 95% CI?=?1.04?1.31). When stratifying for race, GSTM1 null genotype exhibited increased laryngeal cancer risk in Caucasians (OR?=?1.15, 95% CI?=?1.01?1.31), while no significant association was detected in Asians (OR?=?1.25, 95% CI?=?0.80?1.96). In the subgroup analysis based on source of controls, significant associations were observed in the population-based studies (OR?=?1.15, 95% CI?=?1.01?1.31) yet not in the hospital-based studies (OR?=?1.25, 95% CI?=?0.93?1.67). Furthermore, in the subgroup analysis based on sample size, significant associations were also found in studies with at least 50 cases and 50 controls (OR?=?1.15, 95% CI?=?1.02?1.30) but not in studies with fewer than 50 cases or 50 controls (OR?=?1.46, 95% CI?=?0.87?2.46).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis supported that the GSTM1 gene polymorphism was associated with laryngeal cancer, particularly in Caucasians, and these associations varied in different subgroup, which indicated that population-based study with larger sample size was more appropriate in design of future study.

Project description:RationaleAsthma is a heterogeneous lung disorder characterized by airway inflammation and airway dysfunction, manifesting as hyperresponsiveness and obstruction. Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) is a multifunctional phase II enzyme and regulator of stress-activated cellular signaling relevant to asthma pathobiology. A common homozygous deletion polymorphism of the GSTM1 gene eliminates enzyme activity.ObjectivesTo determine the effect of GSTM1 on airway inflammation and reactivity in adults with established atopic asthma in vivo.MethodsNineteen GSTM1 wild-type and eighteen GSTM1-null individuals with mild atopic asthma underwent methacholine and inhaled allergen challenges, and endobronchial allergen provocations through a bronchoscope.Measurements and main resultsThe influx of inflammatory cells, panels of cytokines and chemokines linked to asthmatic inflammation, F(2)-isoprostanes (markers of oxidative stress), and IgE were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at baseline and 24 hours after allergen instillation. Individuals with asthma with the GSTM1 wild-type genotype had greater baseline and allergen-provoked airway neutrophilia and concentrations of myeloperoxidase than GSTM1-null patients. In contrast, the eosinophilic inflammation was unaffected by GSTM1. The allergen-stimulated generation of acute-stress and proneutrophilic mediators, tumor necrosis factor-?, CXCL-8, IL-1?, and IL-6, was also greater in the GSTM1 wild-type patients. Moreover, post-allergen airway concentrations of IgE and neutrophil-generated mediators, matrix metalloproteinase-9, B-cell activating factor, transforming growth factor-?1, and elastase were higher in GSTM1 wild-type individuals with asthma. Total airway IgE correlated with B-cell activating factor concentrations. In contrast, levels of F(2)-isoprostane were comparable in both groups. Finally, GSTM1 wild-type individuals with asthma required lower threshold concentrations of allergen to produce bronchoconstriction.ConclusionsThe functional GSTM1 genotype promotes neutrophilic airway inflammation in humans with atopic asthma in vivo.

Dataset Information

Glutathione-S-transferase M1, obesity, statins, and autonomic effects of particles: gene-by-drug-by-environment interaction.

Publications

Glutathione-S-transferase M1, obesity, statins, and autonomic effects of particles: gene-by-drug-by-environment interaction.

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