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The genome of the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni.


ABSTRACT: Schistosoma mansoni is responsible for the neglected tropical disease schistosomiasis that affects 210 million people in 76 countries. Here we present analysis of the 363 megabase nuclear genome of the blood fluke. It encodes at least 11,809 genes, with an unusual intron size distribution, and new families of micro-exon genes that undergo frequent alternative splicing. As the first sequenced flatworm, and a representative of the Lophotrochozoa, it offers insights into early events in the evolution of the animals, including the development of a body pattern with bilateral symmetry, and the development of tissues into organs. Our analysis has been informed by the need to find new drug targets. The deficits in lipid metabolism that make schistosomes dependent on the host are revealed, and the identification of membrane receptors, ion channels and more than 300 proteases provide new insights into the biology of the life cycle and new targets. Bioinformatics approaches have identified metabolic chokepoints, and a chemogenomic screen has pinpointed schistosome proteins for which existing drugs may be active. The information generated provides an invaluable resource for the research community to develop much needed new control tools for the treatment and eradication of this important and neglected disease.

SUBMITTER: Berriman M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2756445 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The genome of the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni.

Berriman Matthew M   Haas Brian J BJ   LoVerde Philip T PT   Wilson R Alan RA   Dillon Gary P GP   Cerqueira Gustavo C GC   Mashiyama Susan T ST   Al-Lazikani Bissan B   Andrade Luiza F LF   Ashton Peter D PD   Aslett Martin A MA   Bartholomeu Daniella C DC   Blandin Gaelle G   Caffrey Conor R CR   Coghlan Avril A   Coulson Richard R   Day Tim A TA   Delcher Art A   DeMarco Ricardo R   Djikeng Appolinaire A   Eyre Tina T   Gamble John A JA   Ghedin Elodie E   Gu Yong Y   Hertz-Fowler Christiane C   Hirai Hirohisha H   Hirai Yuriko Y   Houston Robin R   Ivens Alasdair A   Johnston David A DA   Lacerda Daniela D   Macedo Camila D CD   McVeigh Paul P   Ning Zemin Z   Oliveira Guilherme G   Overington John P JP   Parkhill Julian J   Pertea Mihaela M   Pierce Raymond J RJ   Protasio Anna V AV   Quail Michael A MA   Rajandream Marie-Adèle MA   Rogers Jane J   Sajid Mohammed M   Salzberg Steven L SL   Stanke Mario M   Tivey Adrian R AR   White Owen O   Williams David L DL   Wortman Jennifer J   Wu Wenjie W   Zamanian Mostafa M   Zerlotini Adhemar A   Fraser-Liggett Claire M CM   Barrell Barclay G BG   El-Sayed Najib M NM  

Nature 20090701 7253


Schistosoma mansoni is responsible for the neglected tropical disease schistosomiasis that affects 210 million people in 76 countries. Here we present analysis of the 363 megabase nuclear genome of the blood fluke. It encodes at least 11,809 genes, with an unusual intron size distribution, and new families of micro-exon genes that undergo frequent alternative splicing. As the first sequenced flatworm, and a representative of the Lophotrochozoa, it offers insights into early events in the evoluti  ...[more]

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