Dataset Information

Adaptation of the short intergenic spacers between co-directional genes to the Shine-Dalgarno motif among prokaryote genomes.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In prokaryote genomes most of the co-directional genes are in close proximity. Even the coding sequence or the stop codon of a gene can overlap with the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence of the downstream co-directional gene. In this paper we analyze how the presence of SD may influence the stop codon usage or the spacing lengths between co-directional genes.

Results

The SD sequences for 530 prokaryote genomes have been predicted using computer calculations of the base-pairing free energy between translation initiation regions and the 16S rRNA 3' tail. Genomes with a large number of genes with the SD sequence concentrate this regulatory motif from 4 to 11 bps before the start codon. However, not all genes seem to have the SD sequence. Genes separated from 1 to 4 bps from a co-directional upstream gene show a high SD presence, though this regulatory signal is located towards the 3' end of the coding sequence of the upstream gene. Genes separated from 9 to 15 bps show the highest SD presence as they accommodate the SD sequence within an intergenic region. However, genes separated from around 5 to 8 bps have a lower percentage of SD presence and when the SD is present, the stop codon usage of the upstream gene changes to accommodate the overlap between the SD sequence and the stop codon.

Conclusion

The SD presence makes the intergenic lengths from 5 to 8 bps less frequent and causes an adaptation of the stop codon usage. Our results introduce new elements to the discussion of which factors affect the intergenic lengths, which cannot be totally explained by the pressure to compact the prokaryote genomes.

SUBMITTER: Palleja A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2784483 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Adaptation of the short intergenic spacers between co-directional genes to the Shine-Dalgarno motif among prokaryote genomes.

Pallejà Albert A García-Vallvé Santiago S Romeu Antoni A

BMC genomics 20091118

<h4>Background</h4>In prokaryote genomes most of the co-directional genes are in close proximity. Even the coding sequence or the stop codon of a gene can overlap with the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence of the downstream co-directional gene. In this paper we analyze how the presence of SD may influence the stop codon usage or the spacing lengths between co-directional genes.<h4>Results</h4>The SD sequences for 530 prokaryote genomes have been predicted using computer calculations of the base-pairi ...[more]

PMID: 19922619

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Project description:Insect mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) exhibit high diversity in some lineages. The gene rearrangement and large intergenic spacer (IGS) have been reported in several Coleopteran species, although very little is known about mitogenomes of Meloidae.We determined complete or nearly complete mitogenomes of seven meloid species. The circular genomes encode 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and contain a control region, with gene arrangement identical to the ancestral type for insects. The evolutionary rates of all PCGs indicate that their evolution is based on purifying selection. The comparison of tRNA secondary structures indicates diverse substitution patterns in Meloidae. Remarkably, all mitogenomes of the three studied Hycleus species contain two large intergenic spacers (IGSs). IGS1 is located between trnW and trnC, including a 9 bp consensus motif. IGS2 is located between trnS2 (UCN) and nad1, containing discontinuous repeats of a pentanucleotide motif and two 18-bp repeat units in both ends. To date, IGS2 is found only in genera Hycleus across all published Coleopteran mitogenomes. The duplication/random loss model and slipped-strand mispairing are proposed as evolutionary mechanisms for the two IGSs (IGS1, IGS2). The phylogenetic analyses using MrBayes, RAxML, and PhyloBayes methods based on nucleotide and amino acid datasets of 13 PCGs from all published mitogenomes of Tenebrionoids, consistently recover the monophylies of Meloidae and Tenebrionidae. Within Meloidae, the genus Lytta clusters with Epicauta rather than with Mylabris. Although data collected thus far could not resolve the phylogenetic relationships within Meloidae, this study will assist in future mapping of the Meloidae phylogeny.This study presents mitogenomes of seven meloid beetles. New mitogenomes retain the genomic architecture of the Coleopteran ancestor, but contain two IGSs in the three studied Hycleus species. Comparative analyses of two IGSs suggest that their evolutionary mechanisms are duplication/random loss model and slipped-strand mispairing.

Dataset Information

Adaptation of the short intergenic spacers between co-directional genes to the Shine-Dalgarno motif among prokaryote genomes.

Background

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Adaptation of the short intergenic spacers between co-directional genes to the Shine-Dalgarno motif among prokaryote genomes.

Similar Datasets

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