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IQ and non-clinical psychotic symptoms in 12-year-olds: results from the ALSPAC birth cohort.

ABSTRACT: Non-clinical psychotic symptoms appear common in children, but it is possible that a proportion of reported symptoms result from misinterpretation. There is a well-established association between pre-morbid low IQ score and schizophrenia. Psychosis-like symptoms in children may also be a risk factor for psychotic disorder but their relationship with IQ is unclear.To investigate the prevalence, nature and frequency of psychosis-like symptoms in 12-year-old children and study their relationship with IQ.Longitudinal study using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort. A total of 6455 children completed screening questions for 12 psychotic symptoms followed by a semi-structured clinical assessment. IQ was assessed at 8 years of age using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (3rd UK edition).The 6-month period prevalence for one or more symptoms was 13.7% (95% CI 12.8-14.5). After adjustment for confounding variables, there was a non-linear association between IQ score and psychosis-like symptoms, such that only those with below average IQ score had an increased risk of reporting such symptoms.Non-clinical psychotic symptoms occur in a significant proportion of 12-year-olds. Symptoms are associated with low IQ and also less strongly with a high IQ score. The pattern of association with IQ differs from that observed in schizophrenia.

SUBMITTER: Horwood J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2806573 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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IQ and non-clinical psychotic symptoms in 12-year-olds: results from the ALSPAC birth cohort.

Horwood Jeremy J Salvi Giovanni G Thomas Kate K Duffy Larisa L Gunnell David D Hollis Chris C Lewis Glyn G Menezes Paulo P Thompson Andrew A Wolke Dieter D Zammit Stanley S Harrison Glynn G

The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science 20080901 3

<h4>Background</h4>Non-clinical psychotic symptoms appear common in children, but it is possible that a proportion of reported symptoms result from misinterpretation. There is a well-established association between pre-morbid low IQ score and schizophrenia. Psychosis-like symptoms in children may also be a risk factor for psychotic disorder but their relationship with IQ is unclear.<h4>Aims</h4>To investigate the prevalence, nature and frequency of psychosis-like symptoms in 12-year-old children ...[more]

PMID: 18757973

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Nutrition is a key factor in healthy ageing but there are still gaps in knowledge about risk- and protective factors linking diet and healthy ageing. The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in dietary patterns and nutrient intake in an older population, in order to increase the understanding of whether dietary recommendations are followed and if nutrient needs are met. METHODS:Cross-sectional data was derived from five samples of 70-year-olds examined 1971-72, 1981-83, 1992-93, 2000-02 and 2014-16 from the Gothenburg H70 birth cohort studies in Sweden. A total of 2246 individuals (56% women) participated. Dietary intake was determined by the diet history method, which is an interview including questions on usual frequencies and portion sizes of food intake during the preceding three months. Recommended values of nutrient intake and determinants of healthful dietary patterns were based on the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012. Statistical analyses were performed using general linear models, student's t-test and chi-square test, stratified by sex. RESULTS:The intake of fruits and vegetables, fish and seafood, whole grain products and nuts and seeds increased during the study period (p?<?0.0001), among both sexes. However, there was also an increase in alcohol intake (p?<?0.0001), especially from wine and beer, and in 2014-16 more than 30% had an alcohol intake above recommendations. Protein intake increased (p?<?0.0001 for women and p?=?0.0004 for men), and 48% of the women and 37% of the men had a protein intake above recommended 1.2 g/kg body weight and day in 2014-16. The proportion of participants at risk of inadequate intake of vitamins C, D and folate decreased during the study period, among both sexes (p?<?0.0001). However, vitamin D intake from diet was still below average requirement level of 7.5??g/day for 49% of the women and 32% of the men in 2014-16. CONCLUSIONS:Dietary patterns have changed among 70-year-olds during the past five decades, with an increase in healthful foods and a higher nutrient density in later born birth cohorts. However, the intake of alcohol increased, especially among women. Results from this study can be useful as a basis for dietary guidelines and used for prevention strategies involving older adults in population-based and health care settings.

Dataset Information

IQ and non-clinical psychotic symptoms in 12-year-olds: results from the ALSPAC birth cohort.

Publications

IQ and non-clinical psychotic symptoms in 12-year-olds: results from the ALSPAC birth cohort.

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