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Symptoms and quality of life in obese children and adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

ABSTRACT: Data on the quality of life (QOL) of children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are needed to estimate the true burden of illness in children with NAFLD.To characterize QOL and symptoms of children with NAFLD and to compare QOL in children with NAFLD with that in a sample of healthy children.Quality of life and symptoms were assessed in children with biopsy-proven NAFLD enrolled in the NASH Clinical Research Network. PedsQL scores were compared with scores from healthy children. For children with NAFLD, between-group comparisons were made to test associations of demography, histological severity, symptoms and QOL.A total of 239 children (mean age 12.6 years) were studied. Children with NAFLD had worse total (72.8 vs. 83.8, P < 0.01), physical (77.2 vs. 87.5, P < 0.01) and psychosocial health (70.4 vs. 81.9, P < 0.01) scores compared with healthy children. QOL scores did not significantly differ by histological severity of NAFLD. Fatigue, trouble sleeping and sadness accounted for almost half of the variance in QOL scores. Impaired QOL was present in 39% of children with NAFLD.Children with NAFLD have a decrement in QOL. Symptoms were a major determinant of this impairment. Interventions are needed to restore and optimize QOL in children with NAFLD.

SUBMITTER: Kistler KD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2807909 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Symptoms and quality of life in obese children and adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Kistler K D KD Molleston J J Unalp A A Abrams S H SH Behling C C Schwimmer J B JB

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 20091023 3

<h4>Background</h4>Data on the quality of life (QOL) of children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are needed to estimate the true burden of illness in children with NAFLD.<h4>Aim</h4>To characterize QOL and symptoms of children with NAFLD and to compare QOL in children with NAFLD with that in a sample of healthy children.<h4>Methods</h4>Quality of life and symptoms were assessed in children with biopsy-proven NAFLD enrolled in the NASH Clinical Research Network. PedsQL scores were ...[more]

PMID: 19863497

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Project description:BackgroundGiven the high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese children, non-invasive markers of disease to date are still limited and worth exploring.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the association between inflammatory markers and NAFLD in obese children.MethodsWe performed a case-control study in Hunan Children's Hospital from September 2020 to September 2021. Study participants were children with obesity diagnosed with NAFLD by abdominal ultrasound examination. Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts were extracted from medical records and inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between inflammatory markers and NAFLD. We also used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to assess the discriminative ability of inflammatory cytokines for NAFLD.ResultsTwo hundred and sixty-seven obese children were enrolled, including 176 NAFLD patients and 91 simple obesity controls. Multivariable logistic model indicated that increased interleukin (IL)-1β [odds ratio (OR) = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.27], IL-6 (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07-1.53), and IL-17 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.07) levels were significantly associated with NAFLD. In contrast, we observed non-significant associations for IL-8, IL-12, IL-21, IL-32, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) with NAFLD. The area under the curves (AUCs) of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 to discriminate obese children with or without NAFLD were 0.94, 0.94, and 0.97, respectively.ConclusionsOur results indicated that IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 levels were significantly associated with NAFLD. These inflammatory cytokines may serve as non-invasive markers to determine the development of NAFLD and potentially identify additional avenues for therapeutic intervention.

Project description:Background & aimThere is currently no agreement on the screening strategy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children at risk. The North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) recommends screening for NAFLD using alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in obese/overweight children, while the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) recommends using both ALT and abdominal ultrasound. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of suspected NAFLD in obese children based on the 2 screening strategies.MethodConsecutive overweight/obese children seen at a weight-management program were included. Each child underwent a liver ultrasound and had ALT level measured at first visit. Two screening strategies were compared: the NASPGHAN strategy using ALT ≫2x the gender specific cut-off and the ESPGHAN strategy using elevated ALT ≫45 IU/L and/or fatty liver on ultrasound. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess predictors of low ALT in individuals with evidence of suspected NAFLD on ultrasound.ResultsOverweight/obese children were included. NAFLD was suspected as follows: 26% based on the NASPGHAN strategy, and 58% based on the ESPGHAN strategy. Fatty liver was present on ultrasound in 53% of our cohort. ALT was ≫2x the gender specific cut-off in only 26% of children with fatty liver on ultrasound. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that children with fatty infiltration on ultrasound and low ALT were less likely to have metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, or hypertriglyceridemia.ConclusionBy relying on ALT values alone to screen for NAFLD, suspected NAFLD might be missed in many children who are at risk. Children with fatty infiltration on ultrasound and low ALT may be less likely to have metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance or hypertriglyceridemia.Lay summaryUsing the combination of elevated alanine aminotransferase and fatty infiltration on ultrasound increases the detection rate of suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in at-risk children. Notably, a significant percentage of children with fatty infiltration on ultrasound have low alanine aminotransferase (≪52/44). Children with fatty infiltration on ultrasound and low alanine aminotransferase may be less likely to have features of the metabolic syndrome.

Project description:BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly increasing alongside overweight and obesity, not only in adults but also in children and adolescents. It is unknown what impact the development of NAFLD in childhood may have in later life. The importance of early detection and treatment lies in its potential for progression to cirrhosis, liver cancer and liver-related death, as well as its associated extrahepatic comorbidities. Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography (VCTE) with Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) is an effective, non-invasive and safe diagnostic method to estimate the degree of fibrosis and steatosis in the liver, but little is known about its applicability in the paediatric population.Aims1) To assess the prevalence of significant liver fibrosis (Liver Stiffness Measurement (LSM) ≥6.5 kPa) using VCTE, and that of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (≥225 dB/m) using CAP in children and adolescents. 2) To determine the optimal cut-off points of the CAP to achieve maximum concordance with the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings in the diagnosis of mild, moderate and severe NAFLD in children and adolescents.MethodsCross-sectional population-based study which will include 2,866 subjects aged between 9 and 16 years. Participants will undergo: anamnesis, physical examination, blood extraction, VCTE, MRI and questionnaires on socio-demographic data, personal and family medical history and lifestyle assessment.Applicability and relevanceThe study aims to establish the foundations for the use of VCTE in children and adolescents in order to achieve early diagnosis of NAFLD. Moreover, it will serve to understand in further detail the disease and to identify the risk groups of children and adolescents who may be at risk of developing it. Ultimately, this will help determine to which subgroups of the population we need to target resources for prevention and early detection of this entity, as well as possible intervention for its treatment.Trial registrationThe LiverKids study is registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05526274).

Project description:Background and aimsStigmatization is a well-documented problem of some diseases. Perceived stigma is common in alcohol-related liver disease and hepatitis C, but little information exists on stigma in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Aim of the study was to investigate frequency and characteristics of perceived stigma among patients with NAFLD.MethodsOne-hundred and ninety-seven patients seen at the liver clinic were included: a study group of 144 patients with NAFLD, 50 with cirrhosis (34 compensated, 16 decompensated), and a control group of 53 patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Quality-of-life was assessed by chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ). Perceived stigma was assessed using a specific questionnaire for patients with liver diseases categorized in 4 domains: stereotypes, discrimination, shame, and social isolation.ResultsPerceived stigma was common in patients with NAFLD (99 patients, 69%) and affected all 4 domains assessed. The frequency was slightly higher, yet not significant, in patients with NAFLD cirrhosis vs those without (72% vs 67%, respectively; p = 0.576). In patients without cirrhosis perceived stigma was unrelated to stage of disease, since frequency was similar in patients with no or mild fibrosis compared to those with moderate/severe fibrosis (66% vs 68%, respectively). There were no differences in perceived stigma between patients with compensated cirrhosis and these with decompensated cirrhosis. Among patients with cirrhosis, stigmatization was more common in alcohol-related vs NAFLD-cirrhosis, yet differences were only significant in two domains. In patients with NAFLD, perceived stigma correlated with poor quality-of-life, but not with demographic or clinical variables.ConclusionsPerceived stigmatization is common among patients with NAFLD independently of disease stage, is associated with impaired quality-of-life, and may be responsible for stereotypes, discrimination, shame, and social isolation, which may affect human and social rights of affected patients.

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Symptoms and quality of life in obese children and adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Symptoms and quality of life in obese children and adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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