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Cavitary pulmonary zygomycosis caused by Rhizopus homothallicus.

ABSTRACT: We report the first two proven cases of cavitary pulmonary zygomycosis caused by Rhizopus homothallicus. The diagnosis in each case was based on histology, culture of the causal agent, and the nucleotide sequence of the D1/D2 region of the 28S ribosomal DNA.

SUBMITTER: Chakrabarti A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2863885 | biostudies-literature | 2010 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cavitary pulmonary zygomycosis caused by Rhizopus homothallicus.

Chakrabarti Arunaloke A Marak Rungmei S K RS Shivaprakash M R MR Gupta Sunita S Garg Rajiv R Sakhuja V V Singhal Sanjay S Baghela Abhishek A Dixit Ajai A Garg M K MK Padhye Arvind A AA

Journal of clinical microbiology 20100303 5

We report the first two proven cases of cavitary pulmonary zygomycosis caused by Rhizopus homothallicus. The diagnosis in each case was based on histology, culture of the causal agent, and the nucleotide sequence of the D1/D2 region of the 28S ribosomal DNA. ...[more]

PMID: 20200286

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<i>Rhizopus homothallicus,</i> an emerging pathogen causing cavitary lung lesions.

Project description:IntroductionRhizopus homothallicus is an emerging pathogen that causes pulmonary mucormycosis.Case presentationWe report a case of pneumonia caused by R. homothallicus in a 54-year-old type 2 diabetic patient. The organism was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and preliminarily identified by fungal morphology and finally by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region.ConclusionMucormycosis may be associated with cavitary lung lesions against a backdrop of poorly controlled diabetes or other immunosuppressed states. Pulmonary mucormycosis may have variable clinical and radiological presentations. Therefore, strong clinical suspicion and prompt management can address the high fatality associated with the disease.

| S-EPMC10202401 | biostudies-literature

Successful treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus with posaconazole.

Project description:BackgroundMucormycosis is a rare fungal infection occurring chiefly in the lung or the rhino-orbital-cerebral compartment, particularly in patients with immunodeficiency or diabetes mellitus. Among Mucorales fungi, Rhizopus spp. are the most common cause of mucormycosis.Case presentationWe report a case of pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus in a young patient with diabetes but no other apparent risk factors. The diagnosis mainly relied on clinical manifestation, positive pulmonary tissue biopsy, and fungal culture. The patient was successfully treated with posaconazole oral suspension and remains asymptomatic at one-year follow-up.ConclusionsPulmonary mucormycosis is a life-threatening condition and posaconazole is an effective treatment for pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microspores.

| S-EPMC8591890 | biostudies-literature

Fatal pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus in a patient with diabetes.

Project description: Not available

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Aggressive cutaneous zygomycosis caused by Apophysomyces variabilis in an immunocompetent child.

Project description:A zygomycetous fungus was observed in a biopsy of a 9-year-old male. The patient was presented with severe cutaneous lesions subsequent to a traumatic car accident. Following fungal detection, antifungal treatment was prescribed but condition deteriorated rapidly and above knee amputation was done as lifesaving and to control fungal infection. Analysis of the 28 S rRNA gene (accession KT149770) aligned the isolate with members of the genus Apophysomyces and the pathogen was identified as Apophysomces variabilis.

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Kinetics of progressive pulmonary cavitary TB disease in rabbits

Project description:Every year, tuberculosis kills nearly 1.8 million people through out the world. Though outcome of M. tuberculosis infection into active disease is determined by the host and bacterial factors, a strong host immune response controls the growth of the bacilli effectively. However, in a host with suboptimal immune response, the bacilli grows and mounts active disease. Activation of immune response following M. tuberculosis infection affects the expression of many host genes that are involved in the production of immune system molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, surface receptors and transcriptional regulators that manifest in the change of subsequent cellular events, including activation, maturation, chemotaxis and proliferation of effector cells. However, the specific nature of the host-pathogen interactions and the outcome of Mtb infection are not fully understood. In this study, we have analysed the systematic changes in the global host gene expression profile in the lungs of Mtb infected rabbits at various stages of infection. Mtb infected rabbit lung tissues were isolated at T=0,2, 4 and 16 weeks post-infection. Lung bacterial load, histologic changes and host and bacterial gene expression were determined for each timepoint and compared . Our data suggests a strong correlation between the significant changes in the global transcriptome of infected rabbits and the progression of Mtb infection into a chronic, cavitary TB disease. The microarray experiments involves comparison of: 1) Changes in rabbit gene expression between Mtb-HN878 infected and uninfected animals at 2,4 and 16 weeks post infection.

2011-12-07 | GSE33094 | GEO

Rhino-orbitocerebral zygomycosis caused by Conidiobolus incongruus in an immunocompromised patient in Germany.

Project description:Mucorales (subphylum Mucoromycotina) are well-known agents of invasive mucormycosis, whereas Entomophthorales (subphylum Entomophthoromycotina) are rarely encountered in human diseases in temperate zones. Here we report a fatal case of invasive rhino-orbitocerebral entomophthoramycosis caused by Conidiobolus incongruus in a 78-year-old woman with myelodysplastic syndrome.

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Multiloculated Cavitary Primary Pulmonary Hodgkin Lymphoma: Case Series.

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Kinetics of progressive pulmonary cavitary TB disease in rabbits

2011-12-07 | E-GEOD-33094 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Case report: A case of pulmonary mucormycosis caused by <i>Rhizopus azygosporus</i> infection complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Project description:A case of pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) caused by Rhizopus azygosporus infection complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus is reported. An adult male patient had a productive cough for more than 10 days, aggravated by blood in the sputum for 9 days. Laboratory examination confirmed that he had had type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketosis for more than 3 years, and his chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed lesions, cavities, and a small effusion in the right lower lobe. The lavage fluid was taken by bronchoscope for bacterial culture and mNGS, which indicated Rhizopus azygosporus growth. Mucormycosis was diagnosed. The patient was given amphotericin B cholesterol sulfate complex for 30 days, and his renal function was closely monitored. After that, his right lower lobe was resected. To date, the patient has recovered well.

| S-EPMC10598673 | biostudies-literature

Chronic pulmonary cavitary tuberculosis in rabbits: a failed host immune response.

Project description:The molecular determinants of the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis HN878 infection in a rabbit model of pulmonary cavitary tuberculosis were studied. Aerosol infection of rabbits resulted in a highly differentially expressed global transcriptome in the lungs at 2 weeks, which dropped at 4 weeks and then gradually increased. While IFN? was progressively upregulated throughout the infection, several other genes in the IFN? network were not. T-cell activation network genes were gradually upregulated and maximally induced at 12 weeks. Similarly, the IL4 and B-cell activation networks were progressively upregulated, many reaching high levels between 12 and 16 weeks. Delayed peak expression of genes associated with macrophage activation and Th1 type immunity was noted. Although spleen CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells showed maximal tuberculosis antigen-specific activation by 8 weeks, macrophage activation in lungs, lymph nodes and spleen did not peak until 12 weeks. In the lungs, infecting bacilli grew exponentially up to 4 weeks, followed by a steady-state high bacillary load to 12 weeks that moderately increased during cavitation at 16 weeks. Thus, the outcome of HN878 infection of rabbits was determined early during infection by a suboptimal activation of innate immunity and delayed T-cell activation.

| S-EPMC3352086 | biostudies-literature

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