Dataset Information

The importance of caloric restriction in the early improvements in insulin sensitivity after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Many of the metabolic benefits of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) occur before weight loss. In this study we investigated the influence of caloric restriction on the improvements in the metabolic responses that occur within the 1st week after RYGB. RESEARCH METHODS AND DESIGN: A mixed meal was administered to nine subjects before and after RYGB (average 4 +/- 0.5 days) and to nine matched, obese subjects before and after 4 days of the post-RYGB diet. RESULTS:Weight loss in both groups was minimal; the RYGB subjects lost 1.4 +/- 5.3 kg (P = 0.46) vs. 2.2 +/- 1.0 kg (P = 0.004) in the calorically restricted group. Insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) improved with both RYGB (5.0 +/- 3.1 to 3.3 +/- 2.1; P = 0.03) and caloric restriction (4.8 +/- 4.1 to 3.6 +/- 4.1; P = 0.004). The insulin response to a mixed meal was blunted in both the RYGB and caloric restriction groups (113 +/- 67 to 65 +/- 33 and 85 +/- 59 to 65 +/- 56 nmol x l(-1) x min(-1), respectively; P < 0.05) without a change in the glucose response. Glucagon-like peptide 1 levels increased (9.2 +/- 8.6 to 12.2 +/- 5.5 pg x l(-1) x min(-1); P = 0.04) and peaked higher (45.2 +/- 37.3 to 84.8 +/- 33.0 pg/ml; P = 0.01) in response to a mixed meal after RYGB, but incretin responses were not altered after caloric restriction. CONCLUSIONS:These data suggest that an improvement in insulin resistance in the 1st week after RYGB is primarily due to caloric restriction, and the enhanced incretin response after RYGB does not improve postprandial glucose homeostasis during this time.

SUBMITTER: Isbell JM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2890335 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The importance of caloric restriction in the early improvements in insulin sensitivity after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Isbell James M JM Tamboli Robyn A RA Hansen Erik N EN Saliba Jabbar J Dunn Julia P JP Phillips Sharon E SE Marks-Shulman Pamela A PA Abumrad Naji N NN

Diabetes care 20100405 7

<h4>Objective</h4>Many of the metabolic benefits of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) occur before weight loss. In this study we investigated the influence of caloric restriction on the improvements in the metabolic responses that occur within the 1st week after RYGB. RESEARCH METHODS AND DESIGN: A mixed meal was administered to nine subjects before and after RYGB (average 4 +/- 0.5 days) and to nine matched, obese subjects before and after 4 days of the post-RYGB diet.<h4>Results</h4>Weight loss ...[more]

PMID: 20368410

Similar Datasets

Project description:Mechanisms of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate weight loss-independent bacterial and metabolic changes, as well as the absorption of bacterial metabolites and bile acids through the hepatic portal system following RYGB surgery. Three groups of obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats were included: RYGB (n = 11), sham surgery and body weight matched with RYGB (Sham-BWM, n = 5), and sham surgery fed ad libitum (Sham-obese, n = 5). Urine and feces were collected at multiple time points, with portal vein and peripheral blood obtained at the end of the study. Metabolic phenotyping approaches and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to determine the biochemical and bacterial composition of the samples, respectively. RYGB surgery-induced distinct metabolic and bacterial disturbances, which were independent of weight loss through caloric restriction. RYGB resulted in lower absorption of phenylalanine and choline, and higher urinary concentrations of host-bacterial co-metabolites (e.g., phenylacetylglycine, indoxyl sulfate), together with higher fecal trimethylamine, suggesting enhanced bacterial aromatic amino acid and choline metabolism. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were lower in feces and portal vein blood from RYGB group compared to Sham-BWM, accompanied with lower abundances of Lactobacillaceae, and Ruminococcaceae known to contain SCFA producers, indicating reduced bacterial fiber fermentation. Fecal γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) was found in higher concentrations in RYGB than that in Sham groups and could play a role in the metabolic benefits associated with RYGB surgery. While no significant difference in urinary BA excretion, RYGB lowered both portal vein and circulating BA compared to Sham groups. These findings provide a valuable resource for how dynamic, multi-systems changes impact on overall metabolic health, and may provide potential therapeutic targets for developing downstream non-surgical treatment for metabolic disease.

Dataset Information

The importance of caloric restriction in the early improvements in insulin sensitivity after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Publications

The importance of caloric restriction in the early improvements in insulin sensitivity after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets