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Adding a lysine mimic in the design of potent inhibitors of histone lysine methyltransferases.

ABSTRACT: Dynamic histone lysine methylation involves the activities of modifying enzymes (writers), enzymes removing modifications (erasers), and readers of the histone code. One common feature of these activities is the recognition of lysines in methylated and unmethylated states, whether they are substrates, reaction products, or binding partners. We applied the concept of adding a lysine mimic to an established inhibitor (BIX-01294) of histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferases G9a and G9a-like protein by including a 5-aminopentyloxy moiety, which is inserted into the target lysine-binding channel and becomes methylated by G9a-like protein, albeit slowly. The compound enhances its potency in vitro and reduces cell toxicity in vivo. We suggest that adding a lysine or methyl-lysine mimic should be considered in the design of small-molecule inhibitors for other methyl-lysine writers, erasers, and readers.

SUBMITTER: Chang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2895764 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adding a lysine mimic in the design of potent inhibitors of histone lysine methyltransferases.

Chang Yanqi Y Ganesh Thota T Horton John R JR Spannhoff Astrid A Liu Jin J Sun Aiming A Zhang Xing X Bedford Mark T MT Shinkai Yoichi Y Snyder James P JP Cheng Xiaodong X

Journal of molecular biology 20100429 1

Dynamic histone lysine methylation involves the activities of modifying enzymes (writers), enzymes removing modifications (erasers), and readers of the histone code. One common feature of these activities is the recognition of lysines in methylated and unmethylated states, whether they are substrates, reaction products, or binding partners. We applied the concept of adding a lysine mimic to an established inhibitor (BIX-01294) of histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferases G9a and G9a-like protein by ...[more]

PMID: 20434463

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Project description:Dynamic histone lysine methylation, regulated by methyltransferases and demethylases, plays fundamental roles in chromatin structure and gene expression in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms. A large number of SET-domain-containing proteins make up the histone lysine methyltransferase (HKMT) family, which catalyses the methylation of different lysine residues with relatively high substrate specificities. Another large family of Jumonji C (JmjC)-domain-containing histone lysine demethylases (JHDMs) reverses histone lysine methylation with both lysine site and methyl-state specificities. Through bioinformatic analysis, at least nine SET-domain-containing genes were found in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and its sibling species. Phylogenetic analysis separated these putative HKMTs into five subfamilies with different putative substrate specificities. Consistent with the phylogenetic subdivision, methyl marks were found on K4, K9 and K36 of histone H3 and K20 of histone H4 by site-specific methyl-lysine antibodies. In addition, most SET-domain genes and histone methyl-lysine marks displayed dynamic changes during the parasite asexual erythrocytic cycle, suggesting that they constitute an important epigenetic mechanism of gene regulation in malaria parasites. Furthermore, the malaria parasite and other apicomplexan genomes also encode JmjC-domain-containing proteins that may serve as histone lysine demethylases. Whereas prokaryotic expression of putative active domains of four P. falciparum SET proteins did not yield detectable HKMT activity towards recombinant P. falciparum histones, two protein domains expressed in vitro in a eukaryotic system showed HKMT activities towards H3 and H4, respectively. With the discovery of these Plasmodium SET- and JmjC-domain genes in the malaria parasite genomes, future efforts will be directed towards elucidation of their substrate specificities and functions in various cellular processes of the parasites.

Dataset Information

Adding a lysine mimic in the design of potent inhibitors of histone lysine methyltransferases.

Publications

Adding a lysine mimic in the design of potent inhibitors of histone lysine methyltransferases.

Similar Datasets

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