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Variation in the gene TAS2R38 is associated with the eating behavior disinhibition in Old Order Amish women.

ABSTRACT: Insensitivity to the bitter-tasting compound 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) has been proposed as a marker for individual differences in taste perception that influence food preference and intake. The principal genetic determinants of phenotypic variation in PROP taste sensitivity are alleles of the TAS2R38 gene, which encodes a chemosensory receptor sensitive to thiourea compounds including PROP and phenylthiocarbamide. Members of the TAS2R family are expressed in the gustatory system, where they function as bitter taste receptors, and throughout the gut, where their physiological roles in prandial, gut-derived hormone release are beginning to be elucidated. To better understand the relationship between TAS2R function and ingestive behaviors, we asked if TAS2R38 variants are associated with one or more of three eating behaviors: restraint, disinhibition, and hunger. We genotyped a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located within the TAS2R38 gene, rs1726866 (T785C, Val262Ala) in 729 nondiabetic individuals (381 females, 348 males) within the Amish Family Diabetes Study. Eating behaviors were assessed using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. An association analysis between rs1726866 and these three traits revealed a significant association of the PROP-insensitive "T" allele with increased disinhibition (p=0.03). Because eating behaviors differ substantially between males and females, we subsequently performed sex-stratified analyses, which revealed a strong association in females (p=0.0002) but not in males. Analyses with other SNPs in close proximity to rs1726866 suggest that this locus is principally responsible for the association. Therefore, our results indicate that a polymorphism in TAS2R38 is associated with differences in ingestive behavior.

SUBMITTER: Dotson CD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2938875 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Variation in the gene TAS2R38 is associated with the eating behavior disinhibition in Old Order Amish women.

Dotson Cedrick D CD Shaw Hillary L HL Mitchell Braxton D BD Munger Steven D SD Steinle Nanette I NI

Appetite 20090925 1

Insensitivity to the bitter-tasting compound 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) has been proposed as a marker for individual differences in taste perception that influence food preference and intake. The principal genetic determinants of phenotypic variation in PROP taste sensitivity are alleles of the TAS2R38 gene, which encodes a chemosensory receptor sensitive to thiourea compounds including PROP and phenylthiocarbamide. Members of the TAS2R family are expressed in the gustatory system, where they f ...[more]

PMID: 19782709

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Project description:Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the form of vitamin and supplement use is increasingly prevalent in the United States. The interplay between CAM use and use of conventional medications is not well studied. We examined this issue in Old Order Amish (OOA), a population lacking several factors known to influence supplement use, whose culture and barriers to conventional medications may result in high rates of supplement use.We characterized the patterns of supplement use in OOA, including the extent to which CAM use aggregates in families, and assessed whether higher use of supplements is associated with lower medication use.We conducted a cross-sectional study of conventional medications and supplements in 2,372 adult Amish from the Lancaster County, PA, area. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Supplements were subcategorized as herbal vs vitamin/mineral supplements.Seventy-seven percent of all Amish adults reported current supplement use, whereas 22% reported medication use. Women used supplements more often and used more supplements than men, and familial aggregation of supplement use was stronger in family pairs involving women. Supplement use was associated with less medication use after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, and self-reported histories of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.96, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.00; P=0.047). This association was driven primarily by use of herbal supplements (adjusted OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99; P=0.025) as vitamin/mineral supplements were not associated with different use of medication (adjusted OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.09; P=0.8). In analyses limited to cardiovascular medications and cardiovascular supplements in participants with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, or diabetes, supplement use was not associated with conventional medication use.OAA, particularly women, take dietary supplements much more frequently than they use conventional medications. Use of herbal supplements is associated with less use of conventional medications, whereas vitamin/mineral supplement use is not.

Dataset Information

Variation in the gene TAS2R38 is associated with the eating behavior disinhibition in Old Order Amish women.

Publications

Variation in the gene TAS2R38 is associated with the eating behavior disinhibition in Old Order Amish women.

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