Selective inhibition of human 3?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 as a potential treatment for breast cancer.
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ABSTRACT: Human 3?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase type 1 (3?-HSD1) is a critical enzyme in the conversion of DHEA to estradiol in breast tumors and may be a target enzyme for inhibition in the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Human 3?-HSD2 participates in the production of cortisol and aldosterone in the human adrenal gland in this population. In our recombinant human breast tumor MCF-7 Tet-off cells that express either 3?-HSD1 or 3?-HSD2, trilostane and epostane inhibit the DHEA-induced proliferation of MCF-7 3?-HSD1 cells with 12-16-fold lower IC(50) values compared to the MCF-7 3?-HSD2 cells. Trilostane and epostane also competitively inhibit purified human 3?-HSD1 with 12-16-fold lower K(i) values compared to the noncompetitive K(i) values measured for human 3?-HSD2. Using our structural model of 3?-HSD1, trilostane was docked in the active site of 3?-HSD1, and Arg195 in 3?-HSD1 or Pro195 in 3?-HSD2 was identified as a potentially critical residue. The R195P-1 mutant of 3?-HSD1 and the P195R-2 mutant of 3?-HSD2 were created, expressed and purified. Kinetic analyses of enzyme inhibition suggest that the high-affinity, competitive inhibition of 3?-HSD1 by trilostane may be related to the presence of Arg195 in 3?-HSD1 versus Pro195 in 3?-HSD2. In addition, His156 in 3?-HSD1 may play a role in the higher affinity of 3?-HSD1 for substrates and inhibitors compared to 3?-HSD2 containing Try156. Structural modeling of the 3?-HSD1 dimer identified a possible interaction between His156 on one subunit and Gln105 on the other. Kinetic analyses of the H156Y-1, Q105M-1 and Q105M-2 support subunit interactions that contribute to the higher affinity of 3?-HSD1 for the inhibitor, epostane, compared to 3?-HSD2. Article from the Special issue on Targeted Inhibitors.
SUBMITTER: Thomas JL
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2999670 | biostudies-literature | 2011 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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