Dataset Information

Association between change in body composition and change in inflammatory markers: an 11-year follow-up in the Whitehall II Study.

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT:Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, but the long-term effects of weight change on inflammation are unknown. OBJECTIVE:The aim was to examine the association of change in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference with change in C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 and to assess whether this association is modified by baseline obesity status. DESIGN AND SETTING:The design was a prospective cohort study among civil servants (the Whitehall II Study, UK). We used data from two clinical screenings carried out in 1991-1993 and 2002-2004 (mean follow-up, 11.3 yr). PARTICIPANTS:We studied 2496 men and 1026 women [mean age, 49.4 (sd=6.0) yr at baseline] with measurements on inflammatory markers and anthropometry at both baseline and follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:We measured change in serum CRP and IL-6 during follow-up. RESULTS:The mean increases in CRP and IL-6 were 0.08 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.07-0.09] mg/liter and 0.04 (95% CI, 0.03-0.05) pg/ml per 1-kg increase in body weight during follow-up. Study members with a BMI less than 25 kg/m2 at baseline had an average increase in CRP of 0.06 (95% CI, 0.05-0.08) mg/liter per 1-kg increase in body weight, whereas the increase in those who were overweight (25?BMI<30 kg/m2) and obese (BMI?30 kg/m2) was greater: 0.08 (95% CI, 0.06-0.09) mg/liter and 0.11 (95% CI, 0.07-0.14) mg/liter, respectively (P value for interaction=0.002). Similar patterns were observed for changes in BMI and waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS:Those who were overweight or obese at baseline had a greater absolute increase in CRP per unit increase in weight, BMI, and waist circumference than people who were normal weight.

SUBMITTER: Fransson EI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2999966 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association between change in body composition and change in inflammatory markers: an 11-year follow-up in the Whitehall II Study.

Fransson Eleonor I EI Batty G David GD Tabák Adam G AG Brunner Eric J EJ Kumari Meena M Shipley Martin J MJ Singh-Manoux Archana A Kivimäki Mika M

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 20100818 12

<h4>Context</h4>Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, but the long-term effects of weight change on inflammation are unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim was to examine the association of change in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference with change in C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 and to assess whether this association is modified by baseline obesity status.<h4>Design and setting</h4>The design was a prospective cohort study among civil servants (the Whitehall II St ...[more]

PMID: 20719833

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Project description:ObjectiveTo examine the association between alcohol consumption and risk of dementia.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingCivil service departments in London (Whitehall II study).Participants9087 participants aged 35-55 years at study inception (1985/88).Main outcome measuresIncident dementia, identified through linkage to hospital, mental health services, and mortality registers until 2017. Measures of alcohol consumption were the mean from three assessments between 1985/88 and 1991/93 (midlife), categorised as abstinence, 1-14 units/week, and >14 units/week; 17 year trajectories of alcohol consumption based on five assessments of alcohol consumption between 1985/88 and 2002/04; CAGE questionnaire for alcohol dependence assessed in 1991/93; and hospital admission for alcohol related chronic diseases between 1991 and 2017.Results397 cases of dementia were recorded over a mean follow-up of 23 years. Abstinence in midlife was associated with a higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.89) compared with consumption of 1-14 units/week. Among those drinking >14 units/week, a 7 unit increase in alcohol consumption was associated with a 17% (95% confidence interval 4% to 32%) increase in risk of dementia. CAGE score >2 (hazard ratio 2.19, 1.29 to 3.71) and alcohol related hospital admission (4.28, 2.72 to 6.73) were also associated with an increased risk of dementia. Alcohol consumption trajectories from midlife to early old age showed long term abstinence (1.74, 1.31 to 2.30), decrease in consumption (1.55, 1.08 to 2.22), and long term consumption >14 units/week (1.40, 1.02 to 1.93) to be associated with a higher risk of dementia compared with long term consumption of 1-14 units/week. Analysis using multistate models suggested that the excess risk of dementia associated with abstinence in midlife was partly explained by cardiometabolic disease over the follow-up as the hazard ratio of dementia in abstainers without cardiometabolic disease was 1.33 (0.88 to 2.02) compared with 1.47 (1.15 to 1.89) in the entire population.ConclusionThe risk of dementia was increased in people who abstained from alcohol in midlife or consumed >14 units/week. In several countries, guidelines define thresholds for harmful alcohol consumption much higher than 14 units/week. The present findings encourage the downward revision of such guidelines to promote cognitive health at older ages.

Project description:Objective To test the hypotheses that physical activity in midlife is not associated with a reduced risk of dementia and that the preclinical phase of dementia is characterised by a decline in physical activity.Design Prospective cohort study with a mean follow-up of 27 years.Setting Civil service departments in London (Whitehall II study).Participants 10?308 participants aged 35-55 years at study inception (1985-88). Exposures included time spent in mild, moderate to vigorous, and total physical activity assessed seven times between 1985 and 2013 and categorised as "recommended" if duration of moderate to vigorous physical activity was 2.5 hours/week or more.Main outcome measures A battery of cognitive tests was administered up to four times from 1997 to 2013, and incident dementia cases (n=329) were identified through linkage to hospital, mental health services, and mortality registers until 2015.Results Mixed effects models showed no association between physical activity and subsequent 15 year cognitive decline. Similarly, Cox regression showed no association between physical activity and risk of dementia over an average 27 year follow-up (hazard ratio in the "recommended" physical activity category 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 1.24). For trajectories of hours/week of total, mild, and moderate to vigorous physical activity in people with dementia compared with those without dementia (all others), no differences were observed between 28 and 10 years before diagnosis of dementia. However, physical activity in people with dementia began to decline up to nine years before diagnosis (difference in moderate to vigorous physical activity -0.39 hours/week; P=0.05), and the difference became more pronounced (-1.03 hours/week; P=0.005) at diagnosis.Conclusion This study found no evidence of a neuroprotective effect of physical activity. Previous findings showing a lower risk of dementia in physically active people may be attributable to reverse causation-that is, due to a decline in physical activity levels in the preclinical phase of dementia.

Dataset Information

Association between change in body composition and change in inflammatory markers: an 11-year follow-up in the Whitehall II Study.

Publications

Association between change in body composition and change in inflammatory markers: an 11-year follow-up in the Whitehall II Study.

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