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Prospective study of common variants in the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor ? gene and risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

ABSTRACT: The retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-related orphan receptor ? gene (RORA) is implicated as a candidate for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through a previous microarray expression study, linkage data, biological plausibility, and 2 clinic-based cross-sectional studies. We aimed to determine if common variants in RORA predict future risk of neovascular AMD.We measured genotypes for 18 variants in intron 1 of the RORA gene among 164 cases who developed neovascular AMD and 485 age- and sex-matched controls in a prospective, nested, case-control study within the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We determined the incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for neovascular AMD for each variant and examined interactions with other AMD-associated variants and modifiable risk factors.We identified one single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs12900948) that was significantly associated with increased incidence of neovascular AMD. Participants with 1 and 2 copies of the G allele were 1.73 (CI, 1.32-2.27) and 2.99 (CI, 1.74-5.14) times more likely to develop neovascular AMD. Individuals homozygous for both the G allele of rs12900948 and ARMS2 A69S had a 40.8-fold increased risk of neovascular AMD (CI, 10.1-164; P = .017). Cigarette smokers who carried 2 copies of the G allele had a 9.89-fold risk of neovascular AMD but the interaction was not significant (P = .08). We identified a significant AMD-associated haplotype block containing the single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs730754, rs8034864, and rs12900948, with P values for ACA = 1.16 × 10(-9), ACG = 5.85 × 10(-12), and GAA = .0001 when compared with all other haplotypes.Common variants and haplotypes within the RORA gene appear to act synergistically with the ARMS2 A69S polymorphism to increase risk of neovascular AMD. These data add further evidence of a high level of complexity linking genetic and modifiable risk factors to AMD development and should help efforts at risk prediction.

SUBMITTER: Schaumberg DA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3010852 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prospective study of common variants in the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α gene and risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Schaumberg Debra A DA Chasman Daniel D Morrison Margaux A MA Adams Scott M SM Guo Qun Q Hunter David J DJ Hankinson Susan E SE DeAngelis Margaret M MM

Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20101101 11

<h4>Objectives</h4>The retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-related orphan receptor α gene (RORA) is implicated as a candidate for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through a previous microarray expression study, linkage data, biological plausibility, and 2 clinic-based cross-sectional studies. We aimed to determine if common variants in RORA predict future risk of neovascular AMD.<h4>Methods</h4>We measured genotypes for 18 variants in intron 1 of the RORA gene among 164 cases who developed neovas ...[more]

PMID: 21060049

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Clinical trials have established the efficacy of ranibizumab for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In addition, bevacizumab is used off-label to treat AMD, despite the absence of similar supporting data. METHODS:In a multicenter, single-blind, noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned 1208 patients with neovascular AMD to receive intravitreal injections of ranibizumab or bevacizumab on either a monthly schedule or as needed with monthly evaluation. The primary outcome was the mean change in visual acuity at 1 year, with a noninferiority limit of 5 letters on the eye chart. RESULTS:Bevacizumab administered monthly was equivalent to ranibizumab administered monthly, with 8.0 and 8.5 letters gained, respectively. Bevacizumab administered as needed was equivalent to ranibizumab as needed, with 5.9 and 6.8 letters gained, respectively. Ranibizumab as needed was equivalent to monthly ranibizumab, although the comparison between bevacizumab as needed and monthly bevacizumab was inconclusive. The mean decrease in central retinal thickness was greater in the ranibizumab-monthly group (196 ?m) than in the other groups (152 to 168 ?m, P=0.03 by analysis of variance). Rates of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke were similar for patients receiving either bevacizumab or ranibizumab (P>0.20). The proportion of patients with serious systemic adverse events (primarily hospitalizations) was higher with bevacizumab than with ranibizumab (24.1% vs. 19.0%; risk ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.66), with excess events broadly distributed in disease categories not identified in previous studies as areas of concern. CONCLUSIONS:At 1 year, bevacizumab and ranibizumab had equivalent effects on visual acuity when administered according to the same schedule. Ranibizumab given as needed with monthly evaluation had effects on vision that were equivalent to those of ranibizumab administered monthly. Differences in rates of serious adverse events require further study. (Funded by the National Eye Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00593450.).

Dataset Information

Prospective study of common variants in the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor ? gene and risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Publications

Prospective study of common variants in the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α gene and risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

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