Dataset Information

TGFbeta activates mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK1) to attenuate cell death.

ABSTRACT: Transforming growth factor-? (TGF?) binding to its receptor leads to intracellular phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which oligomerize with Smad4. These complexes accumulate in the nucleus and induce gene transcription. Here we describe mitogen- and stress-activated kinase 1 (MSK1) as an antagonist of TGF?-induced cell death. Induction of MSK1 activity by TGF? depends on Smad4 and p38 MAPK activation. Knockdown of GADD45, a Smad4-induced upstream regulator of p38 MAPK prevents TGF?-induced p38 and MSK1 activity. MSK1 functionally regulates pro-apoptotic BH3-only BCL2 proteins, as MSK1 knockdown reduces Bad phosphorylation and enhances Noxa and Bim expression, leading to enhanced TGF?-induced caspase-3 activity and cell death. This finding suggests that MSK1 represents a pro-survival pathway bifurcating downstream of p38 and antagonizes the established pro-apoptotic p38 MAPK function. Furthermore, EGF could reverse all the effects observed after MSK1 knockdown. Monitoring the status of MSK1 activity in cancer promises new therapeutic targets as inactivating both MSK1 and EGF signaling may (re)-sensitize cells to TGF?-induced cell death.

SUBMITTER: van der Heide LP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3037612 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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TGFbeta activates mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK1) to attenuate cell death.

van der Heide Lars P LP van Dinther Maarten M Moustakas Aristidis A ten Dijke Peter P

The Journal of biological chemistry 20101124 7

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) binding to its receptor leads to intracellular phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which oligomerize with Smad4. These complexes accumulate in the nucleus and induce gene transcription. Here we describe mitogen- and stress-activated kinase 1 (MSK1) as an antagonist of TGFβ-induced cell death. Induction of MSK1 activity by TGFβ depends on Smad4 and p38 MAPK activation. Knockdown of GADD45, a Smad4-induced upstream regulator of p38 MAPK prevents TGFβ-induced p38 ...[more]

PMID: 21106525

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Project description:Analysis of alterations in the hippocampus transcriptome caused by deletion of Mitogen Stress activated Kinase 1 (MSK1). MAPK signaling has been implicated in a wide range of neuronal processes, including development, plasticity and viability. One of the principal downstream targets of both the ERK/MAPK pathway and the p38 MAPK pathway is Mitogen Stress activated Kinase 1 (MSK1). Here, we sought to understand the role that MSK1 plays in neuroprotection against excitotoxic stimulation in the hippocampus. To this end, we utilized a MSK1 null mouse line, cell viability assays and array-based profiling approaches. Here we show that MSK1 is broadly expressed within the major neuronal cell layers of the hippocampus and that status epilepticus (SE) drives acute induction of MSK1 activation. In response to the SE paradigm, MSK1 KO mice exhibited a striking increase in vulnerability to pilocarpine-evoked cell death within the CA1 and CA3 cell layers. Further, cultured MSK1 null neurons exhibited a heighted level of NMDA-evoked excitotoxicity relative to WT neurons, as assessed using the LDH assay. Given these findings, we examined the hippocampal transcriptional profile of MSK1 null mice. Affymetrix array profiling revealed that with MSK1 deletion a total of 115 genes showed significant changes (> 1.25-fold) in expression. Notably, functional analysis indicated that a subset of these genes contribute to neuroprotective signaling networks. Together, these data provide important new insights into the mechanism by which the MAPK/MSK1 signaling cassette confers neuroprotection against excitotoxic insults. Approaches designed to upregulate or mimic the functional effects of MSK1 may prove beneficial against an array of degenerative processes resulting from excitotoxic insults. MAPK signaling has been implicated in a wide range of neuronal processes, including development, plasticity and viability. One of the principal downstream targets of both the ERK/MAPK pathway and the p38 MAPK pathway is Mitogen Stress activated Kinase 1 (MSK1). Here, we sought to understand the role that MSK1 plays in neuroprotection against excitotoxic stimulation in the hippocampus. To this end, we utilized a MSK1 null mouse line, cell viability assays and array-based profiling approaches. Here we show that MSK1 is broadly expressed within the major neuronal cell layers of the hippocampus and that status epilepticus (SE) drives acute induction of MSK1 activation. In response to the SE paradigm, MSK1 KO mice exhibited a striking increase in vulnerability to pilocarpine-evoked cell death within the CA1 and CA3 cell layers. Further, cultured MSK1 null neurons exhibited a heighted level of NMDA-evoked excitotoxicity relative to WT neurons, as assessed using the LDH assay. Given these findings, we examined the hippocampal transcriptional profile of MSK1 null mice. Affymetrix array profiling revealed that with MSK1 deletion a total of 115 genes showed significant changes (> 1.25-fold) in expression. Notably, functional analysis indicated that a subset of these genes contribute to neuroprotective signaling networks. Together, these data provide important new insights into the mechanism by which the MAPK/MSK1 signaling cassette confers neuroprotection against excitotoxic insults. Approaches designed to upregulate or mimic the functional effects of MSK1 may prove beneficial against an array of degenerative processes resulting from excitotoxic insults.

Dataset Information

TGFbeta activates mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK1) to attenuate cell death.

Publications

TGFbeta activates mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK1) to attenuate cell death.

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