Dataset Information

Relationship between sun exposure and melanoma risk for tumours in different body sites in a large case-control study in a temperate climate.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

A melanoma case-control study was conducted to elucidate the complex relationship between sun exposure and risk.

Methods

Nine hundred and sixty population-ascertained cases, 513 population and 174 sibling controls recruited in England provided detailed sun exposure and phenotype data; a subset provided serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D(2)+D(3) levels.

Results

Phenotypes associated with a tendency to sunburn and reported sunburn at ? 20 years of age were associated with increased melanoma risk (odds ratio (OR) 1.56, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.23-1.99). Holiday sun exposure was not associated with an increased melanoma risk although this may be in part because reported sun exposure overall was much lower in those with a sun-sensitive phenotype, particularly among controls. Head and neck melanoma was associated with less sun exposure on holidays at low latitudes (OR 0.39, 95% CI (0.23-0.68) for >13 h/year compared to <3.1). Overall the clearest relationship between reported sun exposure and risk was for average weekend sun exposure in warmer months, which was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.50-0.89 for highest versus lowest tertile of exposure). Serum vitamin D levels were strongly associated with increased weekend and holiday sun exposure.

Conclusions

Sun-sensitive phenotypes and reported sunburn were associated with an increased risk of melanoma. Although no evidence was seen of a causal relationship between holiday sun exposure and increased risk, this is consistent with the view that intense sun exposure is causal for melanoma in those prone to sunburn. A protective effect of regular weekend sun exposure was seen, particularly for limb tumours, which could be mediated by photoadaptation or higher vitamin D levels.

SUBMITTER: Newton-Bishop JA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3046902 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Relationship between sun exposure and melanoma risk for tumours in different body sites in a large case-control study in a temperate climate.

Newton-Bishop Julia A JA Chang Yu-Mei YM Elliott Faye F Chan May M Leake Susan S Karpavicius Birute B Haynes Sue S Fitzgibbon Elaine E Kukalizch Kairen K Randerson-Moor Juliette J Elder David E DE Bishop D Timothy DT Barrett Jennifer H JH

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) 20110301 5

<h4>Aim</h4>A melanoma case-control study was conducted to elucidate the complex relationship between sun exposure and risk.<h4>Methods</h4>Nine hundred and sixty population-ascertained cases, 513 population and 174 sibling controls recruited in England provided detailed sun exposure and phenotype data; a subset provided serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D(2)+D(3) levels.<h4>Results</h4>Phenotypes associated with a tendency to sunburn and reported sunburn at ≥ 20 years of age were associated with increase ...[more]

PMID: 21084183

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Project description:Climate is the predominant environmental driver of freshwater assemblage pattern on large spatial scales, and traits of freshwater organisms have shown considerable potential to identify impacts of climate change. Although several studies suggest traits that may indicate vulnerability to climate change, the empirical relationship between freshwater assemblage trait composition and climate has been rarely examined on large scales. We compared the responses of the assumed climate-associated traits from six grouping features to 35 bioclimatic indices (~18 km resolution) for five insect orders (Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Plecoptera and Trichoptera), evaluated their potential for changing distribution pattern under future climate change and identified the most influential bioclimatic indices. The data comprised 782 species and 395 genera sampled in 4,752 stream sites during 2006 and 2007 in Germany (~357,000 km² spatial extent). We quantified the variability and spatial autocorrelation in the traits and orders that are associated with the combined and individual bioclimatic indices. Traits of temperature preference grouping feature that are the products of several other underlying climate-associated traits, and the insect order Ephemeroptera exhibited the strongest response to the bioclimatic indices as well as the highest potential for changing distribution pattern. Regarding individual traits, insects in general and ephemeropterans preferring very cold temperature showed the highest response, and the insects preferring cold and trichopterans preferring moderate temperature showed the highest potential for changing distribution. We showed that the seasonal radiation and moisture are the most influential bioclimatic aspects, and thus changes in these aspects may affect the most responsive traits and orders and drive a change in their spatial distribution pattern. Our findings support the development of trait-based metrics to predict and detect climate-related changes of freshwater assemblages.

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Dataset Information

Relationship between sun exposure and melanoma risk for tumours in different body sites in a large case-control study in a temperate climate.

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Relationship between sun exposure and melanoma risk for tumours in different body sites in a large case-control study in a temperate climate.

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