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Detection and molecular characterization of multiple strains of Picobirnavirus causing mixed infection in a diarrhoeic child: Emergence of prototype Genogroup II-like strain in Kolkata, India.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Picobirnaviruses (PBVs) associated with viral gastroenteritis were reported from humans and several animal species to date. PBVs belonging to family Picobirnaviridae under proposed order Diplornavirales are small, non-enveloped, with bisegmented dsRNA genome. METHODS:PBV was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining. Confirmatory RT-PCR using primer pair PicoB25 (+) and PicoB43 (-) for genogroup I PBV and PicoB23(+) and PicoB24(-) for genogroup II PBV, resulted in amplicons of 201bp and 369bp respectively. The amplicons of genogroup I PBV were cloned and sequenced; amplicon of genogroup II PBV was directly sequenced. Further, the phylogenetic relationship and genetic diversity of strains from Kolkata was compared with hitherto reported PBV strains. RESULTS:In PAGE, a faecal specimen showed three sets of PBV with large profile bisegmented genomic RNA with slight variation in migration pattern. Molecular cloning experiments confirmed that PBV/ Human/INDIA/GPBV6/2007 had mixed infection comprising four different strains of PBV genogroup I [GPBV6C1P-GPBV6C4P] and one PBV genogroup II strain [GPBV6G2P]. CONCLUSION:Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis of gene segment 2 of GPBV6 clones (C1, C2, C3 and C4) revealed low nucleotide identities (59-63%) and distant genetic relatedness to other human and porcine genogroup I picobirnaviruses. The strain GPBV6G2P represents another PBV genogroup II strain after prototype strain 4-GA-91/USA as genogroup II PBVs have seldom been reported to date, except from Kolkata, India and Netherlands. We are reporting the first incidence of detection of multiple strain (mixed) infection of picobirnavirus [genogroups I and II] from a diarrhoeic child in a slum community of Kolkata, India.

SUBMITTER: Ganesh B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3077240 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Detection and molecular characterization of multiple strains of Picobirnavirus causing mixed infection in a diarrhoeic child: Emergence of prototype Genogroup II-like strain in Kolkata, India.

Ganesh Balasubramanian B Nagashima Shigeo S Ghosh Souvik S Nataraju Seegekote M SM Rajendran Krishnan K Manna Byomkesh B Ramamurthy Thandavarayan T Niyogi Swapan K SK Kanungo Suman S Sur Dipika D Kobayashi Nobumichi N Krishnan Triveni T

International journal of molecular epidemiology and genetics 20101227 1

<h4>Background</h4>Picobirnaviruses (PBVs) associated with viral gastroenteritis were reported from humans and several animal species to date. PBVs belonging to family Picobirnaviridae under proposed order Diplornavirales are small, non-enveloped, with bisegmented dsRNA genome.<h4>Methods</h4>PBV was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining. Confirmatory RT-PCR using primer pair PicoB25 (+) and PicoB43 (-) for genogroup I PBV and PicoB23(+) and PicoB24(-) for gen ...[more]

PMID: 21537403

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Project description:BackgroundWorld Health Organisation has described obesity as one of the most neglected public health issues. Initially, obesity was only a problem in high-income countries; however, at present, it is rising in middle and low-income countries as well, rapidly in India, especially in the urban areas. In the light of the increasing prevalence of obesity in India, it was worthwhile to study perception, risk factors and health behaviours in adult obesity holistically.MethodsThis study resorted to a concurrent mixed methods approach, collecting and combining quantitative survey (n = 120) and qualitative interview data (n = 18). Female and male aged 25-54 years with a waist circumference of 80 cm and 90 cm or higher, respectively, and a BMI of 25 or higher were selected from Kolkata, India. Kolkata was chosen as the study area since it ranked 7th out of 640 districts, the highest among the five major urban cities in India, with around 41% of the female and 43% of the male population aged 15-49 years with a BMI of 25 or higher.ResultsParticipants confirmed that lifestyle was one of the main reasons for obesity. They believed that family history, social relations, behavioural factors, urbanisation, and time-poor were significant risk factors of obesity. Interview participants expanded that technology, lack of health education and self-care, and digital marketing of food influenced the risk of obesity. Participants confirmed that they wanted to lose weight to feel healthier. Most respondents claimed that they engaged in lightly to moderate-intensity physical activity. However, a discrepancy in opinion was observed between survey responses and interview participants' views on dietary behaviours. Participants confirmed that they rarely consulted health professionals and that the family had a minimal role in preventing obesity. Interview participants expanded that people should make better lifestyle choices at an individual level to prevent obesity.ConclusionsHealth education is fundamental. Making better lifestyle choices is crucial, which would help increase the lifespan and health span and decrease the risk of diseases. In addition, social support and better policies are required to prevent the disease and any related complications.

Dataset Information

Detection and molecular characterization of multiple strains of Picobirnavirus causing mixed infection in a diarrhoeic child: Emergence of prototype Genogroup II-like strain in Kolkata, India.

Publications

Detection and molecular characterization of multiple strains of Picobirnavirus causing mixed infection in a diarrhoeic child: Emergence of prototype Genogroup II-like strain in Kolkata, India.

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