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Revealing the history of sheep domestication using retrovirus integrations.


ABSTRACT: The domestication of livestock represented a crucial step in human history. By using endogenous retroviruses as genetic markers, we found that sheep differentiated on the basis of their "retrotype" and morphological traits dispersed across Eurasia and Africa via separate migratory episodes. Relicts of the first migrations include the Mouflon, as well as breeds previously recognized as "primitive" on the basis of their morphology, such as the Orkney, Soay, and the Nordic short-tailed sheep now confined to the periphery of northwest Europe. A later migratory episode, involving sheep with improved production traits, shaped the great majority of present-day breeds. The ability to differentiate genetically primitive sheep from more modern breeds provides valuable insights into the history of sheep domestication.

SUBMITTER: Chessa B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3145132 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Revealing the history of sheep domestication using retrovirus integrations.

Chessa Bernardo B   Pereira Filipe F   Arnaud Frederick F   Amorim Antonio A   Goyache Félix F   Mainland Ingrid I   Kao Rowland R RR   Pemberton Josephine M JM   Beraldi Dario D   Stear Michael J MJ   Alberti Alberto A   Pittau Marco M   Iannuzzi Leopoldo L   Banabazi Mohammad H MH   Kazwala Rudovick R RR   Zhang Ya-Ping YP   Arranz Juan J JJ   Ali Bahy A BA   Wang Zhiliang Z   Uzun Metehan M   Dione Michel M MM   Olsaker Ingrid I   Holm Lars-Erik LE   Saarma Urmas U   Ahmad Sohail S   Marzanov Nurbiy N   Eythorsdottir Emma E   Holland Martin J MJ   Ajmone-Marsan Paolo P   Bruford Michael W MW   Kantanen Juha J   Spencer Thomas E TE   Palmarini Massimo M  

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20090401 5926


The domestication of livestock represented a crucial step in human history. By using endogenous retroviruses as genetic markers, we found that sheep differentiated on the basis of their "retrotype" and morphological traits dispersed across Eurasia and Africa via separate migratory episodes. Relicts of the first migrations include the Mouflon, as well as breeds previously recognized as "primitive" on the basis of their morphology, such as the Orkney, Soay, and the Nordic short-tailed sheep now co  ...[more]

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