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Clusters of ligands on dendrimer surfaces.

ABSTRACT: The development of methodology that is designed to allow a significant increase in the patterning and in the functionalization of the dendrimer is the ultimate goal of the research described here. Glycoside clusters based on TRIS were formed using click chemistry and were attached to PAMAM dendrimers. A series of dendrimers bearing tris-mannoside and an ethoxyethanol group was synthesized, and the binding interactions of these dendrimers with Concanavalin A were evaluated using inhibition ELISAs. The results of the inhibition ELISAs suggest that tris-mannoside clusters can replace individual sugars on the dendrimer without loss of function. Since tris-mannoside clustering allows for a redistribution of the dendrimers' surface functionalities, from this chemistry one can envision patterned dendrimers that incorporate multiple groups to increase the function and utility of the dendrimer.

SUBMITTER: Schlick KH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3156387 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Clusters of ligands on dendrimer surfaces.

Schlick Kristian H KH Morgan Joel R JR Weiel Julianna J JJ Kelsey Melissa S MS Cloninger Mary J MJ

Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20110405 17

The development of methodology that is designed to allow a significant increase in the patterning and in the functionalization of the dendrimer is the ultimate goal of the research described here. Glycoside clusters based on TRIS were formed using click chemistry and were attached to PAMAM dendrimers. A series of dendrimers bearing tris-mannoside and an ethoxyethanol group was synthesized, and the binding interactions of these dendrimers with Concanavalin A were evaluated using inhibition ELISAs ...[more]

PMID: 21524579

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Project description:Organic-organic interactions play important roles in secondary organic aerosol formation, but the interactions are complex and poorly understood. Here, we use environmental molecular beam experiments combined with molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the interactions between methanol and nopinone, as atmospheric organic proxies. In the experiments, methanol monomers and clusters are sent to collide with three types of surfaces, i.e., graphite, thin nopinone coating on graphite, and nopinone multilayer surfaces, at temperatures between 140 and 230 K. Methanol monomers are efficiently scattered from the graphite surface, whereas the scattering is substantially suppressed from nopinone surfaces. The thermal desorption from the three surfaces is similar, suggesting that all the surfaces have weak or similar influences on methanol desorption. All trapped methanol molecules completely desorb within a short experimental time scale at temperatures of 180 K and above. At lower temperatures, the desorption rate decreases, and a long experimental time scale is used to resolve the desorption, where three desorption components are identified. The fast component is beyond the experimental detection limit. The intermediate component exhibits multistep desorption character and has an activation energy of Ea = 0.18 ± 0.03 eV, in good agreement with simulation results. The slow desorption component is related to diffusion processes due to the weak temperature dependence. The molecular dynamics results show that upon collisions the methanol clusters shatter, and the shattered fragments quickly diffuse and recombine to clusters. Desorption involves a series of processes, including detaching from clusters and desorbing as monomers. At lower temperatures, methanol forms compact cluster structures while at higher temperatures, the methanol molecules form layered structures on the nopinone surface, which are visible in the simulation. Also, the simulation is used to study the liquid-liquid interaction, where the methanol clusters completely dissolve in liquid nopinone, showing ideal organic-organic mixing.

Dataset Information

Clusters of ligands on dendrimer surfaces.

Publications

Clusters of ligands on dendrimer surfaces.

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