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The pharmacogenetics of NAT2 enzyme maturation in perinatally HIV exposed infants receiving isoniazid.


ABSTRACT: The roles of the NAT2 genotype and enzyme maturation on isoniazid pharmacokinetics were investigated in South African infants with perinatal HIV exposure enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of isoniazid for prevention of tuberculosis disease and latent infection. Plasma concentration-time measurements of isoniazid from 151 infants (starting at 3-4 months of age) receiving isoniazid 10 to 20 mg/kg/d orally during the course of the 24-month study were incorporated in a population analysis along with NAT2 genotype, body weight, age, and sex. The results showed a different NAT2 enzyme maturation profile for each of the 3 acetylation groups, with the 70-kg body weight-normalized typical apparent clearance for the fast and intermediate acetylators increasing from 14.25 L/h and 10.88 L/h at 3 months of age to 22.84 L/h and 15.58 L/h at 24 months of age, respectively, with no significant change in the apparent clearance of the slow group during this period. A hypothesis is proposed to explain the genotype-dependent enzyme maturation processes for the NAT2 enzyme.

SUBMITTER: Zhu R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3182303 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The pharmacogenetics of NAT2 enzyme maturation in perinatally HIV exposed infants receiving isoniazid.

Zhu Rui R   Kiser Jennifer J JJ   Seifart Heiner I HI   Werely Cedric J CJ   Mitchell Charles D CD   D'Argenio David Z DZ   Fletcher Courtney V CV  

Journal of clinical pharmacology 20110510 4


The roles of the NAT2 genotype and enzyme maturation on isoniazid pharmacokinetics were investigated in South African infants with perinatal HIV exposure enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of isoniazid for prevention of tuberculosis disease and latent infection. Plasma concentration-time measurements of isoniazid from 151 infants (starting at 3-4 months of age) receiving isoniazid 10 to 20 mg/kg/d orally during the course of the 24-month study were incorporated in a populat  ...[more]

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