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Acute care and long-term mortality among elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who undergo chronic life-sustaining procedures.

ABSTRACT: Little is known about patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) who undergo chronic life-sustaining procedures. We sought to explore variations in treatment, Medicare payments, and mortality among elderly patients with ICH who received a feeding tube, a tracheostomy, or neither chronic life-sustaining procedure. Medicare Provider Analysis and Review files from 2004 linked to Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services denominator files through January 2005 were analyzed. Patients over age 65 years with a primary diagnosis of ICH based on discharge code (ICD-9-CM 431) were divided into those who underwent tracheostomy, those who underwent feeding tube placement but not tracheostomy, and those who underwent neither procedure. Thirty-day and 1-year survival rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Among the 32,210 patients studied, 6% underwent feeding tube placement, and 2.5% underwent tracheostomy. Compared with the patients who did not undergo a chronic life-sustaining procedure, those who underwent tracheostomy had a longer length of stay (median, 25 days vs 4 days; P < .01) and greater Medicare spending (median, $81,479 vs $6,008; P < .01) during their initial hospitalization. The 30-day and 1-year cumulative mortality risks were 47% and 59%, respectively, in patients who did not undergo a chronic life-sustaining procedure, 21% and 53% in patients who underwent feeding tube placement, and 19% and 65% in those who underwent tracheostomy (P < .01, log-rank test across the 3 groups). Our findings show high 1-year mortality among elderly patients with ICH, even in those who undergo chronic life-sustaining procedures. Medicare payments for patients who undergo tracheostomy are substantial. More information about functional outcomes is needed.

SUBMITTER: Skolarus LE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3202018 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Acute care and long-term mortality among elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who undergo chronic life-sustaining procedures.

Skolarus Lesli E LE Morgenstern Lewis B LB Zahuranec Darin B DB Burke James F JF Langa Kenneth M KM Iwashyna Theodore J TJ

Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association 20110629 1

Little is known about patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) who undergo chronic life-sustaining procedures. We sought to explore variations in treatment, Medicare payments, and mortality among elderly patients with ICH who received a feeding tube, a tracheostomy, or neither chronic life-sustaining procedure. Medicare Provider Analysis and Review files from 2004 linked to Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services denominator files through January 2005 were analyzed. Patients over age 65 ye ...[more]

PMID: 21719309

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Project description:Background and purposeImpaired level of consciousness (LOC) on presentation at hospital admission in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may affect outcomes and the decision to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment (WOLST).MethodsPatients with ICH were included across 121 Florida hospitals participating in the Florida Stroke Registry from 2010 to 2019. We studied the effect of LOC on presentation on in-hospital mortality (primary outcome), WOLST, ambulation status on discharge, hospital length of stay, and discharge disposition.ResultsAmong 37 613 cases with ICH (mean age 71, 46% women, 61% White, 20% Black, 15% Hispanic), 12 272 (33%) had impaired LOC at onset. Compared with cases with preserved LOC, patients with impaired LOC were older (72 versus 70 years), more women (49% versus 45%), more likely to have aphasia (38% versus 16%), had greater ICH score (3 versus 1), greater risk of WOLST (41% versus 18%), and had an increased in-hospital mortality (32% versus 12%). In the multivariable-logistic regression with generalized estimating equations accounting for basic demographics, comorbidities, ICH severity, hospital size and teaching status, impaired LOC was associated with greater mortality (odds ratio, 3.7 [95% CI, 3.1-4.3], P<0.0001) and less likely discharged home or to rehab (odds ratio, 0.3 [95% CI, 0.3-0.4], P<0.0001). WOLST significantly mediated the effect of impaired LOC on mortality (mediation effect, 190 [95% CI, 152-229], P<0.0001). Early WOLST (<2 days) occurred among 51% of patients. A reduction in early WOLST was observed in patients with impaired LOC after the 2015 American Heart Association/American Stroke Association ICH guidelines recommending aggressive treatment and against early do-not-resuscitate.ConclusionsIn this large multicenter stroke registry, a third of ICH cases presented with impaired LOC. Impaired LOC was associated with greater in-hospital mortality and worse disposition at discharge, largely influenced by early decision to withhold or WOLST.

Project description:ObjectivesQuality of life (QoL) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is poorly known. This study investigated factors affecting QoL and depression after spontaneous ICH.Materials and methodsThis prospective study included patients admitted to Helsinki University Hospital between May 2014 and December 2016. Health-related QoL (HRQoL) at 3 months after ICH was measured using the European Quality of Life Scale (EQ-5D-5L), and the 15D scale. Logistic regression analyses were used to test factors affecting HRQoL. EQ-5D-5L anxiety/depression dimension was used to analyze factors associated with anxiety/depression.ResultsOf 277 patients, 220 were alive, and sent QoL questionnaire. The questionnaire was returned by 124 patients. Nonreturners had more severe strokes with admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 7.8 (IQR 3.0-14.8) versus 5.0 (IQR 2.3-11.0); p = 0.018, and worse outcome assessed as modified Rankin Scale 3-5 at 3 months 59.4% versus 44.4% (p = 0.030). Predictors for lower HRQoL by both scales were higher NIHSS with OR 1.28 (95% CI 1.13-1.46) for EQ-5D-5L, and OR 1.28 (1.15-1.44) for 15D, older age (OR 1.10 [1.03-1.16], and OR 1.09 [1.03-1.15]), and chronic heart failure (OR 18.12 [1.73-189.27], and OR 12.84 [1.31-126.32]), respectively. Feeling sad/depressed for more than 2 weeks during the year prior to ICH was predictor for lower EQ-5D-5L (OR 10.64 [2.39-47.28]), and history of ICH for lower 15D utility indexes (OR 11.85 [1.01-138.90]). Prior feelings of sadness/depression were associated with depression/anxiety at 3 months after ICH with OR 3.62 (1.14-11.45).ConclusionsIn this cohort of ICH patients with milder deficits, HRQoL was affected by stroke severity, comorbidities and age. Feelings of depression before ICH had stronger influence on reporting depression/anxiety after ICH than stroke severity-related and outcome parameters. Thus, simple questions on patient's premorbid feelings of sadness/depression could be used to identify patients at risk of depression after ICH for focusing follow-up and treatment.

Dataset Information

Acute care and long-term mortality among elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who undergo chronic life-sustaining procedures.

Publications

Acute care and long-term mortality among elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who undergo chronic life-sustaining procedures.

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