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Transcriptional regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: transcription factor regulation and function, mechanisms of initiation, and roles of activators and coactivators.

ABSTRACT: Here we review recent advances in understanding the regulation of mRNA synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Many fundamental gene regulatory mechanisms have been conserved in all eukaryotes, and budding yeast has been at the forefront in the discovery and dissection of these conserved mechanisms. Topics covered include upstream activation sequence and promoter structure, transcription factor classification, and examples of regulated transcription factor activity. We also examine advances in understanding the RNA polymerase II transcription machinery, conserved coactivator complexes, transcription activation domains, and the cooperation of these factors in gene regulatory mechanisms.

SUBMITTER: Hahn S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3213380 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcriptional regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: transcription factor regulation and function, mechanisms of initiation, and roles of activators and coactivators.

Hahn Steven S Young Elton T ET

Genetics 20111101 3

Here we review recent advances in understanding the regulation of mRNA synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Many fundamental gene regulatory mechanisms have been conserved in all eukaryotes, and budding yeast has been at the forefront in the discovery and dissection of these conserved mechanisms. Topics covered include upstream activation sequence and promoter structure, transcription factor classification, and examples of regulated transcription factor activity. We also examine advances in un ...[more]

PMID: 22084422

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Project description:Saccharomyces cerevisiae myosin type II-deficient (myo1?) strains remain viable and divide, despite the absence of a cytokinetic ring, by activation of the PKC1-dependent cell wall integrity pathway (CWIP). Since the myo1? transcriptional fingerprint is a subset of the CWIP fingerprint, the myo1? strain may provide a simplified paradigm for cell wall stress survival.To explore the post-transcriptional regulation of the myo1? stress response, 1,301 differentially regulated ribosome-bound mRNAs were identified by microarray analysis of which 204 were co-regulated by transcription and translation. Four categories of mRNA were significantly affected - protein biosynthesis, metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and unknown functions. Nine genes of the 20 CWIP fingerprint genes were post-transcriptionally regulated. Down and up regulation of selected ribosomal protein and cell wall biosynthesis mRNAs was validated by their distribution in polysomes from wild type and myo1? strains. Western blot analysis revealed accumulation of the phosphorylated form of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2?-P) and a reduction in the steady state levels of the translation initiation factor eIF4Gp in myo1? strains. Deletion of GCN2 in myo1? abolished eIF2?p phosphorylation, and showed a severe growth defect. The presence of P-bodies in myo1? strains suggests that the process of mRNA sequestration is active, however, the three representative down regulated RP mRNAs, RPS8A, RPL3 and RPL7B were present at equivalent levels in Dcp2p-mCh-positive immunoprecipitated fractions from myo1? and wild type cells. These same RP mRNAs were also selectively co-precipitated with eIF2?-P in myo1? strains.Quantitative analysis of ribosome-associated mRNAs and their polyribosome distributions suggests selective regulation of mRNA translation efficiency in myo1? strains. Inhibition of translation initiation factor eIF2? (eIF2?-P) in these strains was by Gcn2p-dependent phosphorylation. The increase in the levels of eIF2?-P; the genetic interaction between GCN2 and MYO1; and the reduced levels of eIF4Gp suggest that other signaling pathways, in addition to the CWIP, may be important for myo1? strain survival. Selective co-immunoprecipitation of RP mRNAs with eIF2?-P in myo1? strains suggests a novel mode of translational regulation. These results indicate that post-transcriptional control is important in the myo1? stress response and possibly other stresses in yeast.

Dataset Information

Transcriptional regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: transcription factor regulation and function, mechanisms of initiation, and roles of activators and coactivators.

Publications

Transcriptional regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: transcription factor regulation and function, mechanisms of initiation, and roles of activators and coactivators.

Similar Datasets

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