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Atorvastatin increases exercise leg blood flow in healthy adults.

ABSTRACT: We sought to examine the effect of atorvastatin therapy on exercise leg blood flow in healthy middle-aged and older-men and women.The vasodilatory response to exercise decreases in humans with aging and disease and this reduction may contribute to reduced exercise capacity.We used a double-blind, randomly assigned, placebo-controlled protocol to assess the effect of atorvastatin treatment on exercising leg hemodynamics. We measured femoral artery blood flow (FBF) using Doppler ultrasound and calculated femoral vascular conductance (FVC) from brachial mean arterial pressure (MAP) before and during single knee-extensor exercise in healthy adults (ages 40-71) before (PRE) and after (POST) 6 months of 80 mg atorvastatin (A: 14 men, 16 women) or placebo (P: 14 men, 22 women) treatment. FBF and FVC were normalized to exercise power output and estimated quadriceps muscle mass.Atorvastatin reduced LDL cholesterol by approximately 50%, but not in the placebo group (p < 0.01). Atorvastatin also increased exercise FBF from 44.2 ± 19.0 to 51.4 ± 22.0 mL/min/W/kg muscle whereas FBF in the placebo group was unchanged (40.1 ± 16.0 vs. 39.5 ± 16.1) (p < 0.01). FVC also increased with atorvastatin from 0.5 ± 0.2 to 0.6 ± 0.2 mL/min/mmHg/W/kg muscle, but not in the placebo subjects (P: 0.4 ± 0.2 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2) (p < 0.01).High-dose atorvastatin augments exercising leg hyperemia. Statins may mitigate reductions in the exercise vasodilatory response in humans that are associated with aging and disease.

SUBMITTER: Parker BA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3226851 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Atorvastatin increases exercise leg blood flow in healthy adults.

Parker Beth A BA Capizzi Jeffrey A JA Augeri Amanda L AL Grimaldi Adam S AS Michael White C C Thompson Paul D PD

Atherosclerosis 20111004 2

<h4>Objectives</h4>We sought to examine the effect of atorvastatin therapy on exercise leg blood flow in healthy middle-aged and older-men and women.<h4>Background</h4>The vasodilatory response to exercise decreases in humans with aging and disease and this reduction may contribute to reduced exercise capacity.<h4>Methods</h4>We used a double-blind, randomly assigned, placebo-controlled protocol to assess the effect of atorvastatin treatment on exercising leg hemodynamics. We measured femoral ar ...[more]

PMID: 22018642

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Project description:PURPOSE:Combining blood flow restriction (BFR) with exercise can stimulate skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Recent observations in an animal model suggest that BFR performed without exercise can also induce anabolic effects. We assessed the effect of BFR performed both with and without low-load resistance-type exercise (LLRE) on in vivo myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in young men. METHODS:Twenty healthy young men (age = 24 ± 1 yr, body mass index = 22.9 ± 0.6 kg·m) were randomly assigned to remain in resting condition (REST ± BFR; n = 10) or to perform LLRE (LLRE ± BFR at 20% one-repetition maximum; n = 10), combined with two 5-min cycles of single leg BFR. Myofibrillar protein synthesis rates were assessed during a 5-h post-BFR period by combining a primed continuous L-[ring-C6]phenylalanine infusion with the collection of blood samples, and muscle biopsies from the BFR leg and the contralateral control leg. The phosphorylation status of anabolic signaling (mammalian target of rapamycin pathway) and metabolic stress (acetyl-CoA carboxylase)-related proteins, as well as the mRNA expression of genes associated with skeletal muscle mass regulation, was assessed in the collected muscle samples. RESULTS:Under resting conditions, no differences in anabolic signaling or myofibrillar protein synthesis rates were observed between REST + BFR and REST (0.044% ± 0.004% vs 0.043% ± 0.004% per hour, respectively; P = 0.683). By contrast, LLRE + BFR increased myofibrillar protein synthesis rates by 10% ± 5% compared with LLRE (0.048% ± 0.005% vs 0.043% ± 0.004% per hour, respectively; P = 0.042). Furthermore, compared with LLRE, LLRE + BFR showed higher phosphorylation status of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 4E-BP1 as well as the elevated mRNA expression of MuRF1 (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:BFR does not increase myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in healthy young men under resting conditions. When combined with LLRE, BFR increases postexercise myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in vivo in humans.

Project description:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? Does short-term supplementation with l-citrulline in order to increase l-arginine improve exercise blood flow and peripheral dilatation responses to exercise in older adults? What is the main finding and its importance? l-Citrulline increased femoral blood flow by 11% and vascular conductance by 14% during lower-limb exercise in older men, whereas no changes were observed in older women. This modest improvement in bulk muscle blood flow in older men has implications for altering muscle metabolism that may result in enhanced exercise tolerance in older adults. l-Citrulline (Cit) increases l-arginine (Arg), the primary substrate for nitric oxide biosynthesis. We tested the hypothesis that muscle blood flow during exercise would be enhanced by Cit supplementation in older adults. Femoral artery blood flow was measured during calf exercise using Doppler ultrasound, and vascular conductance (FVC) was calculated in 25 older adults (13 women and 12 men) before and after 14 days of Cit (6 g day-1 ) and placebo (maltodextrin) in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Plasma [Arg] and resting blood pressure were also measured before and after each condition. Women and men were analysed separately because of significant sex-by-condition interactions for the change in exercise blood flow and FVC. Plasma [Arg] was increased by 30 and 35% after Cit (P < 0.01) in women and men, respectively, with no change after placebo. Citrulline lowered diastolic blood pressure in men (75 ± 9 versus 71 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.02), but this variable remained unchanged in women. Blood flow and FVC during exercise at higher workloads were increased after Cit in men (flow, 521 ± 134 versus 584 ± 166 ml min-1 , P = 0.04; FVC, 5.0 ± 1.5 versus 5.8 ± 1.7 m, min mmHg-1 , P = 0.01) but were not different after placebo. These variables were not altered by Cit in women. Adjusting for baseline diastolic blood pressure removed (P = 0.10) the difference in FBF and FVC following Cit in men. These results indicate that l-citrulline has a modest effect of improving muscle blood flow during submaximal exercise in older men.

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Atorvastatin increases exercise leg blood flow in healthy adults.

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Atorvastatin increases exercise leg blood flow in healthy adults.

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