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Role of multiple hosts in the cross-species transmission and emergence of a pandemic parvovirus.


ABSTRACT: Understanding the mechanisms of cross-species virus transmission is critical to anticipating emerging infectious diseases. Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) emerged as a variant of a feline parvovirus when it acquired mutations that allowed binding to the canine transferrin receptor type 1 (TfR). However, CPV-2 was soon replaced by a variant virus (CPV-2a) that differed in antigenicity and receptor binding. Here we show that the emergence of CPV involved an additional host range variant virus that has circulated undetected in raccoons for at least 24 years, with transfers to and from dogs. Raccoon virus capsids showed little binding to the canine TfR, showed little infection of canine cells, and had altered antigenic structures. Remarkably, in capsid protein (VP2) phylogenies, most raccoon viruses fell as evolutionary intermediates between the CPV-2 and CPV-2a strains, suggesting that passage through raccoons assisted in the evolution of CPV-2a. This highlights the potential role of alternative hosts in viral emergence.

SUBMITTER: Allison AB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3255849 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Role of multiple hosts in the cross-species transmission and emergence of a pandemic parvovirus.

Allison Andrew B AB   Harbison Carole E CE   Pagan Israel I   Stucker Karla M KM   Kaelber Jason T JT   Brown Justin D JD   Ruder Mark G MG   Keel M Kevin MK   Dubovi Edward J EJ   Holmes Edward C EC   Parrish Colin R CR  

Journal of virology 20111109 2


Understanding the mechanisms of cross-species virus transmission is critical to anticipating emerging infectious diseases. Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) emerged as a variant of a feline parvovirus when it acquired mutations that allowed binding to the canine transferrin receptor type 1 (TfR). However, CPV-2 was soon replaced by a variant virus (CPV-2a) that differed in antigenicity and receptor binding. Here we show that the emergence of CPV involved an additional host range variant virus tha  ...[more]

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