Fourth human parechovirus serotype.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Benschop KS
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3290933 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Human parechoviruses (HPeVs) often cause severe illness among young children. National surveillance with routine testing of all cerebrospinal fluid, fecal, and tissue samples was conducted during January 2009-December 2012 in all counties in Denmark (6,817 samples from 4,804 children were screened for HPeV). We detected HPeV RNA in 202 (3.0%) specimens from 149 persons. Young infants were at highest risk for HPeV, and 9 (6%) of the HPeV-infected children died, probably of their HPeV illness. HPeV3 was the most common genotype identified, and 5 closely related clades of HPeV3 circulated in Denmark throughout the study period. Our study adds perspective on the prevalence and clinical and molecular virologic characteristics of HPeV infection.
| S-EPMC3884717 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Of 362 fecal samples collected from children with acute gastroenteritis in Sri Lanka during 2005-2006, 30 (8.3%) were positive for human parechovirus (HPeV) by reverse transcription-PCR. A novel HPeV, designated as HPeV10, was identified in 2 samples by sequence analysis of the viral protein 1 gene of the detected HPeVs.
| S-EPMC2874375 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Human parechoviruses (HPeVs) were detected by reverse transcription-PCR in 16.1% of 335 stool samples from children <6 years of age with enteritis in Salvador, Brazil. Whole genome sequencing of 1 sample showed a novel HPeV that has been designated as HPeV8.
| S-EPMC2657636 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ljungan virus (LV) was discovered 20 years ago in Swedish bank voles (Myodes glareolus, previously referred to as Clethrionomys glareolus) during the search for an infectious agent causing lethal myocarditis in young athletes. To date, the genomes of four LV isolates, including the prototype 87-012 strain, have been characterized. Three of these LV strains were isolated from bank voles trapped in Sweden. Sequence analysis of an American virus (M1146), isolated from a montane vole (Microtus montanus) in western USA, indicates that this strain represents a genotype that is different from the Swedish strains. Here, we present genomic analyses of a fifth LV strain (64-7855) isolated from a southern red-backed vole (Myodes gapperi) trapped during arbovirus studies in New York state in the north-eastern USA in the 1960s. Sequence analysis of the 64-7855 genome showed an LV-like genome organization and sequence similarity to other LV strains. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the evolutionary relationship between the 64-7855 strain and other viruses within the family Picornaviridae, including previously published LV strains, demonstrated that the 64-7855 strain constitutes a new genotype within the LV species. Analyses also showed that different regions of the 64-7855 genome have different phylogenetic relationships with other LV strains, indicating that previous recombination events have been involved in the evolution of this virus.
| S-EPMC2889435 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: The Picornaviridae family contains a number of important pathogenic viruses, among which the recently reclassified human parechoviruses (HPeVs). These viruses are widespread and can be grouped in several types. Understanding the evolutionary history of HPeV could answer questions such as how long the circulating lineages last shared a common ancestor and how the evolution of this viral species is shaped by its population dynamics. Using both strict and relaxed clock Bayesian phylogenetics we investigated 1) the substitutions rates of the structural P1 and capsid VP1 regions and 2) evolutionary timescale of currently circulating HPeV lineages. RESULTS: Our estimates reveal that human parechoviruses exhibit high substitution rates for both structural P1 and capsid VP1 regions, respectively 2.21 x 10(-3) (0.48 - 4.21 x 10(-3)) and 2.79 x 10(-3) (2.05 - 3.66 x 10(-3)) substitutions per site per year. These are within the range estimated for other picornaviruses. By employing a constant population size coalescent prior, the date of the most recent common ancestor was estimated to be at around 1600 (1427-1733). In addition, by looking at the frequency of synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions within the VP1 gene we show that purifying selection constitutes the dominating evolutionary force leading to strong amino acid conservation. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our estimates provide a timescale for the evolution of HPeVs and suggest that genetic diversity of current circulating HPeV types has arisen about 400 years ago.
| S-EPMC2723090 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A third serotype of human parechovirus (HPeV) has been recently isolated from stool specimens of a young Japanese child with transient paralysis. We report 3 additional cases of neonatal sepsis caused by HPeV-3 in the fall of 2001 in Canadian infants 7-27 days old. All children were hospitalized with high fever, erythematous rash, and tachypnea for a median of 5 days. The viruses isolated from nasopharyngeal aspirates grew slowly on tertiary monkey kidney cells and were successfully passaged on Vero cells. The predicted amino acid identity of the VP0-VP3-VP1 region of the three viruses was 74.6%-74.8%, 73.4%-73.6%, and 97.0%-97.1% when compared to HPeV-1, -2, and -3 prototype strains, respectively. Although different, our isolates were closely related; amino acid identity was 99.6%-100% for the last 3 proteins.
| S-EPMC3294360 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Using a simple metagenomic approach, we identified a divergent human parechovirus (HPeV) in the stool of a child in Pakistan. Genomic characterization showed this virus was distinct enough from reported HPeV types to qualify as candidate prototype for the seventh HPeV type.
| S-EPMC2657611 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Since it was first recognized in 2004 that human parechoviruses (HPeV) are a significant cause of central nervous system and neonatal sepsis, their clinical importance, primarily in children, has started to emerge. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment is the only treatment available in such life-threatening cases and has given moderate success. Direct inhibition of parechovirus infection using monoclonal antibodies is a potential treatment. We have developed two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against HPeV1 and HPeV2, namely, AM18 and AM28, which also cross-neutralize other viruses. Here, we present the mapping of their epitopes using peptide scanning, surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence-based thermal shift assays, electron cryomicroscopy, and image reconstruction. We determined by peptide scanning and surface plasmon resonance that AM18 recognizes a linear epitope motif including the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid on the C terminus of capsid protein VP1. This epitope is normally used by the virus to attach to host cell surface integrins during entry and is found in 3 other viruses that AM18 neutralizes. Therefore, AM18 is likely to cause virus neutralization by aggregation and by blocking integrin binding to the capsid. Further, we show by electron cryomicroscopy, three-dimensional reconstruction, and pseudoatomic model fitting that ordered RNA interacts with HPeV1 VP1 and VP3. AM28 recognizes quaternary epitopes on the capsid composed of VP0 and VP3 loops from neighboring pentamers, thereby increasing the RNA accessibility temperature for the virus-AM28 complex compared to the virus alone. Thus, inhibition of RNA uncoating probably contributes to neutralization by AM28.Human parechoviruses can cause mild infections to severe diseases in young children, such as neonatal sepsis, encephalitis, and cardiomyopathy. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment is the only treatment available in such life-threatening cases. In order to develop more targeted treatment, we have searched for human monoclonal antibodies that would neutralize human parechoviruses 1 and 2, associated with mild infections such as gastroenteritis and severe infections of the central nervous system, and thus allow safe treatment. In the current study, we show how two such promising antibodies interact with the virus, modeling the atomic interactions between the virus and the antibody to propose how neutralization occurs. Both antibodies can cause aggregation; in addition, one antibody interferes with the virus recognizing its target cell, while the other, recognizing only the whole virus, inhibits the genome uncoating and replication in the cell.
| S-EPMC4542383 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Human parechoviruses (HPeVs) belonging to the family Picornaviridae are widely spread pathogens among young children. We report the complete genome sequence of a novel HPeV isolated from the stool sample of a hospitalized child with diarrhea in China. The genome consists of 7,305 nucleotides, excluding the 3' poly(A) tail, and has an open reading frame that maps between nucleotide positions 675 and 7217 and encodes a 2,180-amino-acid polyprotein. The genome sequence of the virus was sufficiently distinct from the 8 known HPeV types. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genome indicated that the HPeV strain represents a new genotype.
| S-EPMC3486295 | biostudies-literature