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Triple reassortant H3N2 influenza A viruses, Canada, 2005.

ABSTRACT: Since January 2005, H3N2 influenza viruses have been isolated from pigs and turkeys throughout Canada and from a swine farmer and pigs on the same farm in Ontario. These are human/classical swine/avian reassortants similar to viruses that emerged in US pigs in 1998 but with a distinct human-lineage neuraminidase gene.

SUBMITTER: Olsen CW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3291069 | biostudies-literature | 2006 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Triple reassortant H3N2 influenza A viruses, Canada, 2005.

Olsen Christopher W CW Karasin Alexander I AI Carman Suzanne S Li Yan Y Bastien Nathalie N Ojkic Davor D Alves David D Charbonneau George G Henning Beth M BM Low Donald E DE Burton Laura L Broukhanski George G

Emerging infectious diseases 20060701 7

Since January 2005, H3N2 influenza viruses have been isolated from pigs and turkeys throughout Canada and from a swine farmer and pigs on the same farm in Ontario. These are human/classical swine/avian reassortants similar to viruses that emerged in US pigs in 1998 but with a distinct human-lineage neuraminidase gene. ...[more]

PMID: 16836834

Similar Datasets

Interspecies and intraspecies transmission of triple reassortant H3N2 influenza A viruses.

Project description:The triple reassortant H3N2 viruses were isolated for the first time from pigs in 1998 and are known to be endemic in swine and turkey populations in the United States. In 2004, we isolated two H3N2 triple reassortant viruses from two turkey breeder flocks in Ohio and Illinois. Infected hens showed no clinical signs, but experienced a complete cessation of egg production. In this study, we evaluated three triple reassortant H3N2 isolates of turkey origin and one isolate of swine origin for their transmission between swine and turkeys. Although all 4 viruses tested share high genetic similarity in all 8 genes, only the Ohio strain (A/turkey/Ohio/313053/04) was shown to transmit efficiently both ways between swine and turkeys. One isolate, A/turkey/North Carolina/03, was able to transmit from pigs to turkeys but not vice versa. Neither of the other two viruses transmitted either way. Sequence analysis of the HA1 gene of the Ohio strain showed one amino acid change (D to A) at residue 190 of the receptor binding domain upon transmission from turkeys to pigs. The Ohio virus was then tested for intraspecies transmission in three different avian species. The virus was shown to replicate and transmit among turkeys, replicate but does not transmit among chickens, and did not replicate in ducks. Identifying viruses with varying inter- and intra-species transmission potential should be useful for further studies on the molecular basis of interspecies transmission.

| S-EPMC2228287 | biostudies-literature

Novel reassortant swine H3N2 influenza A viruses in Germany.

Project description:Analysis of 228 H3N2 swine influenza A virus isolates collected between 2003 and 2015 in Germany revealed important changes in molecular epidemiology. The data indicate that a novel reassortant, Rietberg/2014-like swine H3N2, emerged in February 2014 in Northern Germany. It is comprised of a hemagglutinin gene of seasonal H3N2 (A/Denmark/129/2005-like), a neuraminidase gene of Emmelsbuell/2009-like swine H1N2 and the internal gene cassette of pandemic H1N1 viruses. Together with Danish swine H3N2 strains of 2013-2015 with identical genome layout, the Rietberg/2014-like viruses represent a second swine H3N2 lineage which cocirculates with a variant of the Gent/1984-like swine H3N2 lineage. This variant, named Gent1984/Diepholz-like swine H3N2, has a Gent/1984-like HA and a Diepholz/2008-like NA; the origin of the internal gene cassette likely derived from avian-like swine H1N1. The first isolate of the Gent1984/Diepholz reassortant emerged in Northern Germany in September 2011 whereas the last German Gent/1984-like isolate was collected in October 2011.

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Retraction. Triple reassortant swine influenza A (H3N2) virus in waterfowl.

Project description: Not available

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Human-Origin Influenza A(H3N2) Reassortant Viruses in Swine, Southeast Mexico.

Project description:The genetic diversity of influenza A viruses circulating in swine in Mexico complicates control efforts in animals and presents a threat to humans, as shown by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. To describe evolution of swine influenza A viruses in Mexico and evaluate strains for vaccine development, we sequenced the genomes of 59 viruses and performed antigenic cartography on strains from 5 regions. We found that genetic and antigenic diversity were particularly high in southeast Mexico because of repeated introductions of viruses from humans and swine in other regions in Mexico. We identified novel reassortant H3N2 viruses with genome segments derived from 2 different viruses that were independently introduced from humans into swine: pandemic H1N1 viruses and seasonal H3N2 viruses. The Mexico swine viruses are antigenically distinct from US swine lineages. Protection against these viruses is unlikely to be afforded by US virus vaccines and would require development of new vaccines specifically targeting these diverse strains.

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Novel triple-reassortant influenza viruses in pigs, Guangxi, China.

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Human infections with novel reassortant influenza A(H3N2)v viruses, United States, 2011.

Project description:During July-December 2011, a variant virus, influenza A(H3N2)v, caused 12 human cases of influenza. The virus contained genes originating from swine, avian, and human viruses, including the M gene from influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. Influenza A(H3N2)v viruses were antigenically distinct from seasonal influenza viruses and similar to proposed vaccine virus A/Minnesota/11/2010.

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Isolation of novel triple-reassortant swine H3N2 influenza viruses possessing the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes of a seasonal influenza virus in Vietnam in 2010.

Project description:Surveillance of swine influenza viruses (SIVs) in 31 pig farms in northern and southern parts of Vietnam was conducted. Six H3N2 influenza A viruses were isolated from a pig farm in southern Vietnam. They were novel genetic reassortants between a triple-reassortant SIV and a human seasonal H3N2 virus. Their hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes were derived from a human virus circulating around 2004-2006 and the remaining genes from a triple-reassortant SIV that originated in North America. This is the first report describing the isolation of a novel triple-reassortant SIV in Vietnam.

| S-EPMC4941553 | biostudies-literature

Natural co-infection of influenza A/H3N2 and A/H1N1pdm09 viruses resulting in a reassortant A/H3N2 virus.

Project description:BackgroundDespite annual co-circulation of different subtypes of seasonal influenza, co-infections between different viruses are rarely detected. These co-infections can result in the emergence of reassortant progeny.Study designWe document the detection of an influenza co-infection, between influenza A/H3N2 with A/H1N1pdm09 viruses, which occurred in a 3 year old male in Cambodia during April 2014. Both viruses were detected in the patient at relatively high viral loads (as determined by real-time RT-PCR CT values), which is unusual for influenza co-infections. As reassortment can occur between co-infected influenza A strains we isolated plaque purified clonal viral populations from the clinical material of the patient infected with A/H3N2 and A/H1N1pdm09.ResultsComplete genome sequences were completed for 7 clonal viruses to determine if any reassorted viruses were generated during the influenza virus co-infection. Although most of the viral sequences were consistent with wild-type A/H3N2 or A/H1N1pdm09, one reassortant A/H3N2 virus was isolated which contained an A/H1N1pdm09 NS1 gene fragment. The reassortant virus was viable and able to infect cells, as judged by successful passage in MDCK cells, achieving a TCID50 of 10(4)/ml at passage number two. There is no evidence that the reassortant virus was transmitted further. The co-infection occurred during a period when co-circulation of A/H3N2 and A/H1N1pdm09 was detected in Cambodia.ConclusionsIt is unclear how often influenza co-infections occur, but laboratories should consider influenza co-infections during routine surveillance activities.

| S-EPMC4674902 | biostudies-literature

A novel reassortant canine H3N1 influenza virus between pandemic H1N1 and canine H3N2 influenza viruses in Korea.

Project description:During recent canine influenza surveillance in South Korea, a novel H3N1 canine influenza virus (CIV) that is a putative reassortant between pandemic H1N1 2009 and H3N2 CIVs was isolated. Genetic analysis of eight genes of the influenza virus revealed that the novel H3N1 isolate presented high similarities (99.1-99.9 %) to pandemic influenza H1N1, except for in the haemagglutinin (HA) gene. The HA gene nucleotide sequence of the novel CIV H3N1 was similar (99.6 %) to that of CIV H3N2 isolated in Korea and China. Dogs infected with the novel H3N1 CIV did not show any notable symptoms, in contrast to dogs infected with H3N2 CIV. Despite no visible clinical signs of disease, nasal shedding of virus was detected and the infected dogs presented mild histopathological changes.

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Identification of human H1N2 and human-swine reassortant H1N2 and H1N1 influenza A viruses among pigs in Ontario, Canada (2003 to 2005).

Project description:Since 2003, three novel genotypes of H1 influenza viruses have been recovered from Canadian pigs, including a wholly human H1N2 virus and human-swine reassortants. These isolates demonstrate that human-lineage H1N2 viruses are infectious for pigs and that viruses with a human PB1/swine PA/swine PB2 polymerase complex can replicate in pigs.

| S-EPMC1393092 | biostudies-literature

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