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Global gene expression responses of fission yeast to ionizing radiation.

ABSTRACT: A coordinated transcriptional response to DNA-damaging agents is required to maintain genome stability. We have examined the global gene expression responses of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe to ionizing radiation (IR) by using DNA microarrays. We identified approximately 200 genes whose transcript levels were significantly altered at least twofold in response to 500 Gy of gamma IR in a temporally defined manner. The majority of induced genes were core environmental stress response genes, whereas the remaining genes define a transcriptional response to DNA damage in fission yeast. Surprisingly, few DNA repair and checkpoint genes were transcriptionally modulated in response to IR. We define a role for the stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase Sty1/Spc1 and the DNA damage checkpoint kinase Rad3 in regulating core environmental stress response genes and IR-specific response genes, both independently and in concert. These findings suggest a complex network of regulatory pathways coordinate gene expression responses to IR in eukaryotes.

SUBMITTER: Watson A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC329398 | biostudies-literature | 2004 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Global gene expression responses of fission yeast to ionizing radiation.

Watson Adam A Mata Juan J Bähler Jürg J Carr Anthony A Humphrey Tim T

Molecular biology of the cell 20031210 2

A coordinated transcriptional response to DNA-damaging agents is required to maintain genome stability. We have examined the global gene expression responses of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe to ionizing radiation (IR) by using DNA microarrays. We identified approximately 200 genes whose transcript levels were significantly altered at least twofold in response to 500 Gy of gamma IR in a temporally defined manner. The majority of induced genes were core environmental stress response ...[more]

PMID: 14668484

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Project description:BackgroundThis study assesses the whole-genome gene expression changes in a panel of primary human cell lines in response to DNA damage mediated by decay of DNA-incorporated radioiodinated thymidine analog 5-[125I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (125I-IUdR). Three normal human cell lines of different origin, namely, gingival fibroblasts AG09319, fetal skin fibroblasts GM05388 and neonatal foreskin epidermal keratinocytes (NHFK) were used in this study. DNA molecules were radiolabeled by incubation of cells in culture in a medium supplemented with either 3.7 kBq/ml or 18.5 kBq/ml of 125I-IUdR for 24 h followed by incubation in IUdR-free medium for additional 24 hours. Each experiment was carried out in quadruplicate. 125I-IUdR uptake was monitored by measuring DNA-associated radioactivity. The whole-genome gene expression changes were evaluated using Agilent Human Whole Genome oligo microarrays containing 44,290 elements representing all known and predicted human genes. DNA microarray dataset was independently partially validated with quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR).ResultsAG09319 gingival cells in culture responded to 125I-IUdR treatment by changing the expression level of 335 genes in total, whereas under the same conditions GM05388 and NHFK cells differentially expressed 49 genes and 27 genes, respectively. However, for GM05388 cells the number of differentially expressed genes increases with the rise of 125I-IUdR concentrations in cell culture media. The key up-regulated biological processes in a chosen panel of cell lines concern the regulation of protein kinase activities and/or cell death. Genes repressed in response to 125I-IUdR treatment are involved in cytokinesis, M phase of the cell cycle, chromosome architecture and organization, DNA metabolism, DNA packaging, DNA repair and response to DNA damage. Despite the disparate nature of the gene patterns elicited by 125I-induced DNA damage among the different cell lines, the differentially expressed transcripts reveal strikingly non-random chromosomal distribution in all the cell lines we used.ConclusionOur data suggest that DNA-targeted ionizing radiation produced by 125I-IUdR results in changes in expression of only a limited subset of genes in primary human cells. The responsive genes are distributed non-randomly among the chromosomes; and a significant fraction of them is p53-dependent in the transcriptional regulation.

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Global gene expression responses of fission yeast to ionizing radiation.

Publications

Global gene expression responses of fission yeast to ionizing radiation.

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