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Central venous catheter repair is associated with an increased risk of bacteremia and central line-associated bloodstream infection in pediatric patients.

ABSTRACT: Repair of broken central venous catheters (CVCs) is common in pediatric patients. We hypothesized that this practice predisposes to bacteremia and central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI).We conducted a retrospective case-crossover study of pediatric patients 1 month to 21 years of age with CVC breakages who underwent a first-time repair at our institution, using repair kits provided by CVC manufacturers. We compared rates of bacteremia and CLABSI (defined by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria) in the 30 days prerepair (control period) and the 30 days postrepair (exposure period), with adjustment for within-patient correlation using conditional Poisson regression.The mean prerepair rate of bacteremia was 9.9 per 1000 catheter-days, which increased to 24.5 postrepair, resulting in an adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.87 (95% CI: 1.05-3.33, P = 0.034). Risk of CLABSI demonstrated a greater than 2-fold increase (IRR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.02-4.53, P = 0.045) when all catheter-days were included, and a 4-fold increase when days on antibiotics were excluded (IRR: 4.07, 95% CI: 1.43-11.57, P = 0.008).We found that repair of a broken CVC was associated with a 2- to 4-fold higher risk of developing CLABSI within 30 days of repair in pediatric patients. Further studies are needed to determine interventions to reduce this risk and to better define the relative merits of CVC repair compared with replacement in selected patient populations.

SUBMITTER: Lundgren IS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3305844 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Central venous catheter repair is associated with an increased risk of bacteremia and central line-associated bloodstream infection in pediatric patients.

Lundgren Ingrid S IS Zhou Chuan C Malone Frances R FR McAfee Nancy G NG Gantt Soren S Zerr Danielle M DM

The Pediatric infectious disease journal 20120401 4

<h4>Background</h4>Repair of broken central venous catheters (CVCs) is common in pediatric patients. We hypothesized that this practice predisposes to bacteremia and central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI).<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a retrospective case-crossover study of pediatric patients 1 month to 21 years of age with CVC breakages who underwent a first-time repair at our institution, using repair kits provided by CVC manufacturers. We compared rates of bacteremia and CLABS ...[more]

PMID: 22146741

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Project description:BackgroundAn increase in the incidence of central venous catheter (CVC)-associated deep venous thrombosis (CADVT) has been reported in pediatric patients over the past decade. At the same time, current screening guidelines for venous thromboembolism risk have low sensitivity for CADVT in hospitalized children. This study utilized a multimodal deep learning model to predict CADVT before it occurs.MethodsChildren who were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) between December 2015 and December 2018 and with CVC placement at least 3 days were included. The variables analyzed included demographic characteristics, clinical conditions, laboratory test results, vital signs and medications. A multimodal deep learning (MMDL) model that can handle temporal data using long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent units (GRUs) was proposed for this prediction task. Four benchmark machine learning models, logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) and a published cutting edge MMDL, were used to compare and evaluate the models with a fivefold cross-validation approach. Accuracy, recall, area under the ROC curve (AUC), and average precision (AP) were used to evaluate the discrimination of each model at three time points (24 h, 48 h and 72 h) before CADVT occurred. Brier score and Spiegelhalter's z test were used measure the calibration of these prediction models.ResultsA total of 1830 patients were included in this study, and approximately 15% developed CADVT. In the CADVT prediction task, the model proposed in this paper significantly outperforms both traditional machine learning models and existing multimodal deep learning models at all 3 time points. It achieved 77% accuracy and 90% recall at 24 h before CADVT was discovered. It can be used to accurately predict the occurrence of CADVT 72 h in advance with an accuracy of greater than 75%, a recall of more than 87%, and an AUC value of 0.82.ConclusionIn this study, a machine learning method was successfully established to predict CADVT in advance. These findings demonstrate that artificial intelligence (AI) could provide measures for thromboprophylaxis in a pediatric intensive care setting.

Project description:Importance:National Healthcare Safety Network methods for central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance do not account for potential additive risk for CLABSI associated with use of 2 central venous catheters (CVCs) at the same time (concurrent CVCs); facilities that serve patients requiring high acuity care with medically indicated concurrent CVC use likely disproportionally incur Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services payment penalties for higher CLABSI rates. Objective:To quantify the risk for CLABSI associated with concurrent use of a second CVC. Design, Setting, and Participants:This retrospective cohort study included adult patients with 2 or more days with a CVC at 4 geographically separated general acute care hospitals in the Atlanta, Georgia, area that varied in size from 110 to 580 beds, from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017. Variables included clinical conditions, central line-days, and concurrent CVC use. Patients were propensity score-matched for likelihood of concurrence (limited to 2 CVCs), and conditional logistic regression modeling was performed to estimate the risk of CLABSI associated with concurrence. Episodes of CVC were categorized as low or high risk and single vs concurrent use to evaluate time to CLABSI with Cox proportional hazards regression models. Data were analyzed from January to June 2019. Exposures:Two CVCs present at the same time. Main Outcomes and Measures:Hospitalizations in which a patient developed a CLABSI, allowing estimation of patient risk for CLABSI and daily hazard for a CVC episode ending in CLABSI. Results:Among a total of 50?254 patients (median [interquartile range] age, 59 [45-69] years; 26?661 [53.1%] women), 64?575 CVCs were used and 647 CLABSIs were recorded. Concurrent CVC use was recorded in 6877 patients (13.7%); the most frequent indications for concurrent CVC use were nutrition (554 patients [14.1%]) or hemodialysis (1706 patients [43.4%]). In the propensity score-matched cohort, 74 of 3932 patients with concurrent CVC use (1.9%) developed CLABSI, compared with 81 of 7864 patients with single CVC use (1.0%). Having 2 CVCs for longer than two-thirds of a patient's CVC use duration was associated with increased likelihood of developing a CLABSI, adjusting for central line-days and comorbidities (adjusted risk ratio, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.10-2.33; P?=?.001). In survival analysis adjusting for sex, receipt of chemotherapy or total parenteral nutrition, and facility, compared with a single CVC, the daily hazard for 2 low-risk CVCs was 1.78 (95% CI, 1.35-2.34; P?<?.001), while the daily hazard for 1 low-risk and 1 high-risk CVC was 1.80 (95% CI, 1.42-2.28; P?<?.001), and the daily hazard for 2 high-risk CVCs was 1.78 (95% CI, 1.14-2.77; P?=?.01). Conclusions and Relevance:These findings suggest that concurrent CVC use is associated with nearly 2-fold the risk of CLABSI compared with use of a single low-risk CVC. Performance metrics for CLABSI should change to account for variations of this intrinsic patient risk among facilities to reduce biased comparisons and resultant penalties applied to facilities that are caring for more patients with medically indicated concurrent CVC use.

Dataset Information

Central venous catheter repair is associated with an increased risk of bacteremia and central line-associated bloodstream infection in pediatric patients.

Publications

Central venous catheter repair is associated with an increased risk of bacteremia and central line-associated bloodstream infection in pediatric patients.

Similar Datasets

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