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Predictors of dental caries progression in primary teeth.

ABSTRACT: The current evidence on the role of the social, behavioral, and community determinants of dental caries is based on cross-sectional analyses. The available evidence has not been based on analysis of multiple determinants within the same population. This longitudinal study addresses both of these limitations. The study included data from 788 dyads of children and their caregivers (77% follow-up), who were examined in 2002-03 and 2004-05. The families were assessed by calibrated dentists for severity of caries at both time periods. Additionally, the caregivers answered questionnaires administered by trained interviewers. The caries increment was adjusted for reversals. Significant predictors of higher caries increment were higher consumption of soda drinks, older age of child, greater weight-for-age, fewer dental treatment visits, higher baseline caries levels of children and their caregivers, dental fatalism, and neighborhood disadvantage status. The selected risk factors in the final model explained about 20% of the variation in the increment.

SUBMITTER: Ismail AI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3317940 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Predictors of dental caries progression in primary teeth.

Ismail A I AI Sohn W W Lim S S Willem J M JM

Journal of dental research 20090301 3

The current evidence on the role of the social, behavioral, and community determinants of dental caries is based on cross-sectional analyses. The available evidence has not been based on analysis of multiple determinants within the same population. This longitudinal study addresses both of these limitations. The study included data from 788 dyads of children and their caregivers (77% follow-up), who were examined in 2002-03 and 2004-05. The families were assessed by calibrated dentists for sever ...[more]

PMID: 19329463

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Project description:Background Early childhood caries (ECC) is a type of dental caries in the teeth of infants and children that is represented as one of the most prevalent dental problems in this period. Various studies have reported different types of prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children worldwide. However, there has been no comprehensive study to summarize the results of these studies in general, so this study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children in different continents of the world during a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods In this review study, articles were extracted by searching in the national and international databases of SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Cochrane, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI) between 1995 and December 2019. Random effects model was used for analysis and heterogeneity of studies was evaluated by using the I2 index. Data were analyzed by using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Version 2) software. Findings In this study, a total of 164 articles (81 articles on the prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth and 83 articles on the prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth) were entered the meta-analysis. The prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth in children in the world with a sample size of 80,405 was 46.2% (95% CI: 41.6–50.8%), and the prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth in children in the world with a sample size of 1,454,871 was 53.8% (95% CI: 50–57.5%). Regarding the heterogeneity on the basis of meta-regression analysis, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children in different continents of the world. With increasing the sample size and the year of study, dental caries in primary teeth increased and in permanent teeth decreased. Conclusion The results of this study showed that the prevalence of primary and permanent dental caries in children in the world was found to be high. Therefore, appropriate strategies should be implemented to improve the aforementioned situation and to troubleshoot and monitor at all levels by providing feedback to hospitals.

Project description:Background:Due to limited financial resources, poor access to basic oral care, and the high cost of restorative treatment, children of low-income nations have their general health, social well-being, and education opportunities affected by untreated dental caries. Arresting caries treatment (ACT) has been proposed to manage untreated dental caries in children of disadvantaged communities. Aims and objectives:The purpose of the present controlled clinical trial is to investigate the effectiveness of a new anticaries agent, nanosilver fluoride (NSF), preventing and arresting caries in children. Materials and methods:A total of 100 deciduous molars both maxillary and mandibular are randomly selected from 60 children of 4-9 years of age group, which were randomly divided into NSF experimental group and saline control group. Teeth were clinically diagnosed and treated by one masked examiner and followed up at 7 days, 5 months and 12 months by another calibrated examiner who was blinded to the type of treatment. The criteria of the ICDAS II were followed to determine the activity of lesion and the diagnosis of caries. The Pearson's Chi-square test was used to compare the groups during different follow-up examinations. Results:Seventy-eight percent of decayed teeth showed hard arrested dentine at 7 days; after 5-month analysis in the NSF group, 72.91% of the teeth showed arrested caries; and in the control group, only 34% of teeth showed arrest of caries. At 12-month analysis in the NSF group, 65.21% of teeth showed arrested cavities, and in the control group, 28.88% of teeth showed arrest of caries. Conclusion:The present study proves that NSF is an anticaries agent and presents a noninvasive option for caries arrest and treatment when applied directly to dentin caries lesions. How to cite this article:Nagireddy VR, Reddy D, Kondamadugu S, et al. Nanosilver Fluoride-A Paradigm Shift for Arrest in Dental Caries in Primary Teeth of Schoolchildren: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(6):484-490.

Project description:BackgroundFew studies have addressed the clinical parameters' predictive power related to caries lesion associated with their progression. This study assessed the predictive validity and proposed simplified models to predict short-term caries progression using clinical parameters related to caries lesion activity status.MethodsThe occlusal surfaces of primary molars, presenting no frank cavitation, were examined according to the following clinical predictors: colour, luster, cavitation, texture, and clinical depth. After one year, children were re-evaluated using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System to assess caries lesion progression. Progression was set as the outcome to be predicted. Univariate multilevel Poisson models were fitted to test each of the independent variables (clinical features) as predictors of short-term caries progression. The multimodel inference was made based on the Akaike Information Criteria and C statistic. Afterwards, plausible interactions among some of the variables were tested in the models to evaluate the benefit of combining these variables when assessing caries lesions.Results205 children (750 surfaces) presented no frank cavitations at the baseline. After one year, 147 children were reassessed (70%). Finally, 128 children (733 surfaces) presented complete baseline data and had included primary teeth to be reassessed. Approximately 9% of the reassessed surfaces showed caries progression. Among the univariate models created with each one of these variables, the model containing the surface integrity as a predictor had the lowest AIC (364.5). Univariate predictive models tended to present better goodness-of-fit (AICs < 388) and discrimination (C:0.959-0.966) than those combining parameters (AIC:365-393, C:0.958-0.961). When only non-cavitated surfaces were considered, roughness compounded the model that better predicted the lesions' progression (AIC = 217.7, C:0.91).ConclusionsUnivariate model fitted considering the presence of cavitation show the best predictive goodness-of-fit and discrimination. For non-cavitated lesions, the simplest way to predict those lesions that tend to progress is by assessing enamel roughness. In general, the evaluation of other conjoint parameters seems unnecessary for all non-frankly cavitated lesions.

Project description:ObjectivesEvidence from observational studies suggested oral diseases (periodontitis (PD) and dental caries) may increase susceptibility to bone loss. However, inherent confounding of observational studies limits causal interpretation. We aimed to conduct Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the causal effect of oral diseases on osteoporosis (OP), bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk.MethodsWe used summary-level GWAS meta-analysis data from the GLIDE consortium to identify 7 and 17 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for periodontitis and DMFS (the sum of Decayed, Missing, and Filled tooth Surfaces) as the instrumental variables. MR analyses of these instruments were performed on European individuals for the association with BMD of forearm, femoral neck and lumbar spine; and individuals from FinnGen consortium for OP, OP with pathological fracture, postmenopausal OP with pathological fracture, and site-specific fractures. We performed single-variable Mendelian randomization (SVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) to simultaneously assess independent causal effects of PD and DMFS on different outcomes. The estimates were primarily derived using inverse variance weighted (IVW) methods. Sensitivity analyses included weighted median, MR-egger, and Leave-one-out test.ResultsIn MVMR, after adjusting for PD, DMFS has a positive causal effect osteoporosis (OR = 1.165, [95% CI 1.020 to 1.331, P = 0.025]) and postmenopausal OP with pathological fracture (OR = 1.422, [95% CI 1.027 to 1.969, P = 0.034]). However, these causal relationships were not observed in the single-variable Mendelian randomization (SVMR) analysis. The causal associations were robust in various sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsIn conclusion, dental caries causally increases the risk of OP and postmenopausal OP with pathological fracture, suggesting the existence of teeth-bone axis. Proactive osteoporosis screening in patients with severe dental caries may be warranted for clinical consideration.

Project description:BackgroundThe Filling Children's Teeth: Indicated Or Not? (FiCTION) randomised controlled trial (RCT) aimed to explore the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of managing dental caries in children's primary teeth. The trial compared three management strategies: conventional caries management with best practice prevention (C + P), biological management with best practice prevention (B + P) and best practice prevention alone (PA)-based approaches. Recently, the concept of treatment acceptability has gained attention and attempts have been made to provide a conceptual definition, however this has mainly focused on adults. Recognising the importance of evaluating the acceptability of interventions in addition to their effectiveness, particularly for multi-component complex interventions, the trial design included a qualitative component. The aim of this component was to explore the acceptability of the three strategies from the perspectives of the child participants and their parents.MethodsQualitative exploration, based on the concept of acceptability. Participants were children already taking part in the FiCTION trial and their parents. Children were identified through purposive maximum variation sampling. The sample included children from the three management strategy arms who had been treated and followed up; median (IQR) follow-up was at 33.8 (23.8, 36.7) months. Semi-structured interviews with thirteen child-parent dyads. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a framework approach.ResultsData saturation was reached after thirteen interviews. Each child-parent dyad took part in one interview together. The participants were eight girls and five boys aged 5-11 years and their parents. The children's distribution across the trial arms was: C + P n = 4; B + P n = 5; PA n = 4. Three key factors influenced the acceptability of caries management in primary teeth to children and parents: i) experiences of specific procedures within management strategies; ii) experiences of anticipatory dental anxiety and; iii) perceptions of effectiveness (particularly whether pain was reduced). These factors were underpinned by a fourth key factor: the notion of trust in the dental professionals - this was pervasive across all arms.ConclusionsOverall children and parents found each of the three strategies for the management of dental caries in primary teeth acceptable, with trust in the dental professional playing an important role.

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Predictors of dental caries progression in primary teeth.

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Predictors of dental caries progression in primary teeth.

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