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Disulfide linkages mediating nucleocapsid protein dimerization are not required for porcine arterivirus infectivity.


ABSTRACT: The nucleocapsid (N) proteins of the North American (type II) and European (type I) genotypes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) share only approximately 60% genetic identity, and the functionality of N in both genotypes, especially its role in virion assembly, is still poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the ORF7 3' untranslated region or ORF7 of type I is functional in the type II PRRSV background. Based on these results, we postulated that the cysteine at position 90 (Cys90) of the type II N protein, which corresponds to an alanine in the type I protein, is nonessential for virus infectivity. The replacement of Cys90 with alanine confirmed this hypothesis. We then hypothesized that all of the cysteines in the N protein could be replaced by alanines. Mutational analysis revealed that, in contradiction to previously reported findings, the replacement of all of the cysteines, either singly or in combination, did not impair the growth of either type II or type I PRRSV. Treatment with the alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide inhibited cysteine-mediated N dimerization in living cells but not in released virions. Additionally, bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays revealed noncovalent interactions in living cells among the N and C termini and between the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of the N proteins of both genotypes of PRRSV. These results demonstrate that the disulfide linkages mediating the N dimerization are not required for PRRSV viability and help to promote our understanding of the mechanism underlying arterivirus particle assembly.

SUBMITTER: Zhang R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3318635 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Disulfide linkages mediating nucleocapsid protein dimerization are not required for porcine arterivirus infectivity.

Zhang Rong R   Chen Chunyan C   Sun Zhi Z   Tan Feifei F   Zhuang Jinshan J   Tian Debin D   Tong Guangzhi G   Yuan Shishan S  

Journal of virology 20120201 8


The nucleocapsid (N) proteins of the North American (type II) and European (type I) genotypes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) share only approximately 60% genetic identity, and the functionality of N in both genotypes, especially its role in virion assembly, is still poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the ORF7 3' untranslated region or ORF7 of type I is functional in the type II PRRSV background. Based on these results, we postulated that the cy  ...[more]

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