Dataset Information

A shared role for RBF1 and dCAP-D3 in the regulation of transcription with consequences for innate immunity.

ABSTRACT: Previously, we discovered a conserved interaction between RB proteins and the Condensin II protein CAP-D3 that is important for ensuring uniform chromatin condensation during mitotic prophase. The Drosophila melanogaster homologs RBF1 and dCAP-D3 co-localize on non-dividing polytene chromatin, suggesting the existence of a shared, non-mitotic role for these two proteins. Here, we show that the absence of RBF1 and dCAP-D3 alters the expression of many of the same genes in larvae and adult flies. Strikingly, most of the genes affected by the loss of RBF1 and dCAP-D3 are not classic cell cycle genes but are developmentally regulated genes with tissue-specific functions and these genes tend to be located in gene clusters. Our data reveal that RBF1 and dCAP-D3 are needed in fat body cells to activate transcription of clusters of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes. AMPs are important for innate immunity, and loss of either dCAP-D3 or RBF1 regulation results in a decrease in the ability to clear bacteria. Interestingly, in the adult fat body, RBF1 and dCAP-D3 bind to regions flanking an AMP gene cluster both prior to and following bacterial infection. These results describe a novel, non-mitotic role for the RBF1 and dCAP-D3 proteins in activation of the Drosophila immune system and suggest dCAP-D3 has an important role at specific subsets of RBF1-dependent genes.

SUBMITTER: Longworth MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3320600 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

A shared role for RBF1 and dCAP-D3 in the regulation of transcription with consequences for innate immunity.

Longworth Michelle S MS Walker James A JA Anderssen Endre E Moon Nam-Sung NS Gladden Andrew A Heck Margarete M S MM Ramaswamy Sridhar S Dyson Nicholas J NJ

PLoS genetics 20120405 4

Previously, we discovered a conserved interaction between RB proteins and the Condensin II protein CAP-D3 that is important for ensuring uniform chromatin condensation during mitotic prophase. The Drosophila melanogaster homologs RBF1 and dCAP-D3 co-localize on non-dividing polytene chromatin, suggesting the existence of a shared, non-mitotic role for these two proteins. Here, we show that the absence of RBF1 and dCAP-D3 alters the expression of many of the same genes in larvae and adult flies. ...[more]

PMID: 22496667

Similar Datasets

Project description:Retrotransposon sequences are positioned throughout the genome of almost every eukaryote that has been sequenced. As mobilization of these elements can have detrimental effects on the transcriptional regulation and stability of an organism's genome, most organisms have evolved mechanisms to repress their movement. Here, we identify a novel role for the Drosophila melanogaster Condensin II subunit, dCAP-D3 in preventing the mobilization of retrotransposons located in somatic cell euchromatin. dCAP-D3 regulates transcription of euchromatic gene clusters which contain or are proximal to retrotransposon sequence. ChIP experiments demonstrate that dCAP-D3 binds to these loci and is important for maintaining a repressed chromatin structure within the boundaries of the retrotransposon and for repressing retrotransposon transcription. We show that dCAP-D3 prevents accumulation of double stranded DNA breaks within retrotransposon sequence, and decreased dCAP-D3 levels leads to a precise loss of retrotransposon sequence at some dCAP-D3 regulated gene clusters and a gain of sequence elsewhere in the genome. Homologous chromosomes exhibit high levels of pairing in Drosophila somatic cells, and our FISH analyses demonstrate that retrotransposon-containing euchromatic loci are regions which are actually less paired than euchromatic regions devoid of retrotransposon sequences. Decreased dCAP-D3 expression increases pairing of homologous retrotransposon-containing loci in tissue culture cells. We propose that the combined effects of dCAP-D3 deficiency on double strand break levels, chromatin structure, transcription and pairing at retrotransposon-containing loci may lead to 1) higher levels of homologous recombination between repeats flanking retrotransposons in dCAP-D3 deficient cells and 2) increased retrotransposition. These findings identify a novel role for the anti-pairing activities of dCAP-D3/Condensin II and uncover a new way in which dCAP-D3/Condensin II influences local chromatin structure to help maintain genome stability.

Project description:Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease and extensive evidence has indicated a critical role of both the innate and the adaptive arms of immune system in disease development. To date most clinical trials of immunomodulation therapies failed to show efficacy. A number of gene expression studies of T1D have been carried out. However, a systems analysis of the expression variations of the innate and adaptive immunity gene sets, or their co-expression network structures in cohorts at different disease states or of different disease risks, is not available till now.We utilized data from a large gene expression study that included transcription profiles of control peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) exposed to plasma of 148 human subjects from four cohorts that included unrelated healthy controls (uHC), recent onset T1D patients (RO-T1D), and healthy siblings of probands that possess high (HRS, High Risk Sibling) or low (LRS, Low Risk Sibling) risk HLA haplotypes. Both weighted and non-weighted co-expression networks were constructed in each cohort separately, and edge weight distribution and the activation of known protein complexes were examined. The co-expression networks of the innate and adaptive immunity genes were further examined in more detail through a number of network measures that included network density, Shannon entropy, h-index, and the scaling exponent ? of degree distribution. Pathway analysis was carried out using CoGA, a tool for detecting significant network structural changes of a gene set.Weighted network edge distribution revealed a globally weakened co-expression network induced by the RO-T1D cohort as compared to that by the uHC, suggesting a broad spectrum loss of transcriptional coordination. The two healthy T1D family cohorts (HRS and LRS) induced more active but heterogeneous transcription coordination globally, and among both the innate and the adaptive immunity genes, than the uHC. This finding is consistent with our previous report of these cohorts sharing a heightened innate inflammatory state. The spike-in of IL-1RA to RO-T1D sera improved co-expression network strength of both the innate and the adaptive immunity genes, and enabled a global order recovery in transcription regulation that resulted in significantly increased number of activated protein complexes. Many of the top pathways that showed significant difference in co-expression network structures and order between RO-T1D and uHC have strong links to T1D.Network level analysis of the innate and adaptive immunity genes, and the whole genome, revealed striking cohort-dependent differences in co-expression network structural measures, suggesting their potential in cohort classification and disease-relevant pathway identification. The results demonstrated the advantages of systems analysis in defining molecular signatures as well as in predicting targets in future research.

Dataset Information

A shared role for RBF1 and dCAP-D3 in the regulation of transcription with consequences for innate immunity.

Publications

A shared role for RBF1 and dCAP-D3 in the regulation of transcription with consequences for innate immunity.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure