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Effects of fatty acid treatments on the dexamethasone-induced intramuscular lipid accumulation in chickens.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoid has an important effect on lipid metabolism in muscles, and the type of fatty acid likely affects mitochondrial utilization. Therefore, we hypothesize that the different fatty acid types treatment may affect the glucocorticoid induction of intramuscular lipid accumulation. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on fatty acid metabolism and storage in skeletal muscle of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) was investigated with and without fatty acid treatments. Male Arbor Acres chickens (31 d old) were treated with either palmitic acid (PA) or oleic acid (OA) for 7 days, followed by DEX administration for 3 days (35-37 d old). The DEX-induced lipid uptake and oxidation imbalance, which was estimated by increased fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) expression and decreased carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 activity, contributed to skeletal muscle lipid accumulation. More sensitive than glycolytic muscle, the oxidative muscle in DEX-treated chickens showed a decrease in the AMP to ATP ratio, a decrease in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) alpha phosphorylation and its activity, as well as an increase in the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ribosomal p70S6 kinase, without Akt activation. DEX-stimulated lipid deposition was augmented by PA, but alleviated by OA, in response to pathways that were regulated differently, including AMPK, mTOR and FATP1. CONCLUSIONS: DEX-induced intramuscular lipid accumulation was aggravated by SFA but alleviated by unsaturated fatty acid. The suppressed AMPK and augmented mTOR signaling pathways were involved in glucocortcoid-mediated enhanced intramuscular fat accumulation.

SUBMITTER: Wang Xj

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3356436 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of fatty acid treatments on the dexamethasone-induced intramuscular lipid accumulation in chickens.

Wang Xiao juan Xj Wei Dai lin Dl Song Zhi gang Zg Jiao Hong chao Hc Lin Hai H

PloS one 20120518 5

<h4>Background</h4>Glucocorticoid has an important effect on lipid metabolism in muscles, and the type of fatty acid likely affects mitochondrial utilization. Therefore, we hypothesize that the different fatty acid types treatment may affect the glucocorticoid induction of intramuscular lipid accumulation.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on fatty acid metabolism and storage in skeletal muscle of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) was investigated ...[more]

PMID: 22623960

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Project description:Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) is a secreted glycoprotein involved in multiple biological processes. To systemically study the biological role of STC2 in chickens, phylogenetic tree analysis and conservation analysis were conducted. Association analysis between variations in the STC2 gene and the economic traits of Gushi-Anka F2 was conducted. The tissue expression patterns of STC2 expression in different chicken tissues and liver at different stages were detected. The biological role of STC2 in chicken liver was investigated through overexpression and interfering methods in the LMH cell line. Correlation analyses between STC2 expression and lipid components were conducted. (1) The phylogenetic tree displayed that chicken STC2 is most closely related with Japanese quail and most distantly related with Xenopus tropicalis. STC2 has the same identical conserved motifs as other species. (2) rs9949205 (T > C) found in STC2 intron was highly significantly correlated with chicken body weight at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks (p < 0.01). Extremely significant correlations of rs9949205 with semi-evisceration weight (SEW), evisceration weight (EW), breast muscle weight (BMW), leg muscle weight (LMW), liver weight and abdominal fat weight (AFW) were revealed (p < 0.01). Significant associations between rs9949205 and abdominal fat percentage, liver weight rate, breast muscle weight rate and leg muscle weight rate were also found (p < 0.05). Individuals with TT or TC genotypes had significantly lower abdominal fat percentage and liver weight rate compared to those with the CC genotype, while their body weight and other carcass traits were higher. (3) STC2 showed a high expression level in chicken liver tissue, which significantly increased with the progression of age (p < 0.05). STC2 was observed to inhibit the content of lipid droplets, triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (TC), as well the expression level of genes related to lipid metabolism in LMH cells. (4) Correlation analysis showed that the STC2 gene was significantly correlated with 176 lipids in the breast muscle (p < 0.05) and mainly enriched in omega-3 and omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids. In conclusion, the STC2 gene in chicken might potentially play a crucial role in chicken growth and development, as well as liver lipid metabolism and muscle lipid deposition. This study provides a scientific foundation for further investigation into the regulatory mechanism of the STC2 gene on lipid metabolism and deposition in chicken liver.

Project description:Methods: We performed mRNA sequence analysis by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq to assess the impact of PHLPP1 knockdown in regulating gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells treated with/without OxLDL. The transcriptome libraries were constructed using the NEB adapters and were sequenced on at 150 nucleotide read length using the paired-end chemistry. The raw reads were subjected to Adapter and low-quality reads removal by Trimmomatic -0.36v. The raw reads were subjected to contamination [structural RNA / low complexity sequences] removal by mapping with bowtie 2-2.2.1. The decontaminated data set was mapped to the mouse genome. Reads mapping to gene list were counted using feature count module of sub reads package. The read counts were normalized in DESeq2-3.5, and subject to differential expression analysis. Differentially expressed genes were selected based on log2-ratio change with p-value <0.05 (Student’s t-test, unpaired). Hierarchical clustering was performed with the programs Cluster (uncentered correlation; average linkage clustering) and Treeview. Results: To gain a deeper understanding of the role of PHLPP1 in lipid metabolism in macrophages, we performed mRNA Seq analysis to assess the gene expression changes in a mouse macrophage cell line. The experiment has been carried out in triplicates. Alignment of the reads showed 97% alignment to the reference mouse genome. Identification of the differentially expressed genes were then carried out by DESeq2 version 1.2.10 with stringent criteria (FDR <0.05% with 2 fold up and down regulation) which reveals in control treated vs. control (121-down, 396-Up), Test vs. Control - (326-down, 569 Up) and Test treated vs. control treated (1314-down, 1328 up) of DEG to be altered in expression respectively. Inference: RNA-seq analysis revealed that PHLPP1 knockdown parallel with OxLDL treatment resulted in diminished expression profile of cholesterol biosynthesis and lipid metabolism genes.

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Effects of fatty acid treatments on the dexamethasone-induced intramuscular lipid accumulation in chickens.

Publications

Effects of fatty acid treatments on the dexamethasone-induced intramuscular lipid accumulation in chickens.

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