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Adjunctive cognitive remediation for schizophrenia using yoga: an open, non-randomized trial.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Yoga therapy (YT) improves cognitive function in healthy individuals, but its impact on cognitive function among persons with schizophrenia (SZ) has not been investigated. AIMS: Evaluate adjunctive YT for cognitive domains impaired in SZ. METHODS: Patients with SZ received YT or treatment as usual (TAU; n = 65, n = 23, respectively). Accuracy and speed for seven cognitive domains were assessed using a computerized neurocognitive battery (CNB), thus minimizing observer bias. Separately, YT was evaluated among patients with Bipolar I disorder (n = 40), Major Depressive Disorder (n = 37), and cardiology outpatients (n = 68). All patients also received routine pharmacotherapy. Patients were not randomized to YT or TAU. RESULTS: Compared with the SZ/TAU group, the SZ/YT group showed significantly greater improvement with regard to measures of attention following corrections for multiple comparisons; the changes were more prominent among the men. In the other diagnostic groups, differing patterns of improvements were noted with small to medium effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial analyses suggest nominally significant improvement in cognitive function in schizophrenia with adjunctive therapies such as YT. The magnitude of the change varies by cognitive domain and may also vary by diagnostic group.

SUBMITTER: Bhatia T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3361970 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adjunctive cognitive remediation for schizophrenia using yoga: an open, non-randomized trial.

Bhatia Triptish T Agarwal Akhilesh A Shah Gyandeepak G Wood Joel J Richard Jan J Gur Raquel E RE Gur Ruben C RC Nimgaonkar Vishwajit L VL Mazumdar Sati S Deshpande Smita N SN

Acta neuropsychiatrica 20110810 2

BACKGROUND: Yoga therapy (YT) improves cognitive function in healthy individuals, but its impact on cognitive function among persons with schizophrenia (SZ) has not been investigated. AIMS: Evaluate adjunctive YT for cognitive domains impaired in SZ. METHODS: Patients with SZ received YT or treatment as usual (TAU; n = 65, n = 23, respectively). Accuracy and speed for seven cognitive domains were assessed using a computerized neurocognitive battery (CNB), thus minimizing observer bias. Separat ...[more]

PMID: 22661830

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Project description:Abstract Background Cognitive remediation (CR) is an evidence-based behavioral intervention for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Although the effectiveness of CR is well stablished, its effects are modest, especially in terms of functional outcome. There is an emerging literature suggesting that adding aerobic exercise to CR may exert synergistic effects. Despite these promising reports, the extent to which aerobic exercise in combination with CRT can improve cognitive and daily functioning in multiepisode schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder remains unclear. Methods This is a single-blinded, randomized clinical trial (NCT02864576) with two different groups: 1) patients with multiepisode schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder receiving 3-month Aerobic exercise plus CR treatment (three weekly sessions, 40min of Aerobic exercise and 90min of CR), and 2) patients with multiepisode schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder receiving Healthy lifestyle promotion plus CR treatment (three weekly sessions, 40min of Healthy lifestyle promotion and 90min of CR). Primary outcome measures were the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), which were assessed (among others) at baseline and immediately after treatment. For the present work, the sample included in the analysis were 34 patients for whom cognitive data were available. Treatment effects on neurocognition and functional outcome were analyzed by applying the multivariate general linear model (GLM) repeated measures. Results After treatment, both groups exhibited a significant improvement in MCCB visual learning memory (F=14.298, p= 0.001), working memory (F=6.626, p= 0.015) and speed of processing (F=16.344, p= 0.001) domains. However, no significant benefits were evidenced for problem solving (F=2.143, p= 0.153), verbal learning memory (F= 0.321, p= 0.575) and attention/vigilance (F=0.740, p= 0.397) domains. Functional outcome, as measured by the GAF, was more improved in the Aerobic exercise plus CR group than in the Healthy lifestyle promotion plus CR group (F=4.248, p= 0.047). Discussion Our preliminary findings indicate that combining aerobic exercise with cognitive remediation may promote a large impact on functional outcome in patients with multiepisode schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Dataset Information

Adjunctive cognitive remediation for schizophrenia using yoga: an open, non-randomized trial.

Publications

Adjunctive cognitive remediation for schizophrenia using yoga: an open, non-randomized trial.

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