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The synthetic cobalt vanadium selenite, Co?V?Se?O??.

ABSTRACT: The crystal structure of dicobalt(II) divanadium(V) disel-enium(IV) undeca-oxide, Co?V?Se?O??, exhibits a three-dimensional framework, the building units being distorted CoO? octa-hedra and VO? square pyramids arranged so as to form alternate chains along [010]. The framework has channels along [100] and [010] in which the two ?-SeO?E (site symmetries m; E being the 4s² lone electron pair of Se(IV)) tetra-hedra reside and connect to the other building blocks. The structure contains corner- and edge-sharing CoO? octa-hedra, corner- and edge-sharing VO? square pyramids and edge-sharing ?-SeO?E tetra-hedra. Co?V?Se?O?? is the first oxide containing all the cations Co(II), V(V) and Se(IV).

SUBMITTER: Rabbani F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3393144 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The synthetic cobalt vanadium selenite, Co₂V₂Se₂O₁₁.

Rabbani Faiz F Zimmermann Iwan I Johnsson Mats M

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20120630 Pt 7

The crystal structure of dicobalt(II) divanadium(V) disel-enium(IV) undeca-oxide, Co₂V₂Se₂O₁₁, exhibits a three-dimensional framework, the building units being distorted CoO₆ octa-hedra and VO₅ square pyramids arranged so as to form alternate chains along [010]. The framework has channels along [100] and [010] in which the two Ψ-SeO₃E (site symmetries m; E being the 4s² lone electron pair of Se(IV)) tetra-hedra reside and connect to the other building blocks. The structure contains corner- and e ...[more]

PMID: 22807701

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Project description:During the cryopreservation of sperm, the production of highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) can reduce their viability and fertility. However, the addition of antioxidants can help reduce the harmful effects of ROS. One such antioxidant is selenium, which is a co-factor of the glutathione peroxidase enzyme that is effective in scavenging ROS. Cysteamine can also take part in the structure of this enzyme. The use of nanoparticles can be less toxic to cells than their salt form. To this end, researchers synthesized Se-NPs using the streptococcus bacteria and loaded cysteamine onto the synthesized Se-NPs. The biosynthesis of Se-NPs and cysteamine loaded on Se-NPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (EDX), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). For cryopreservation, ram semen samples were diluted, and different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 25, and 125 µg/mL) of cysteamine, Se-NPs, cysteamine loaded on Se-NPs, and sodium selenite were added. An extender containing no supplement was considered as control group. After cooling the semen samples, they were frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen for evaluation. The samples were thawed and analyzed for mobility, viability, membrane and DNA integrity, and sperm abnormalities, as well as malondialdehyde level (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The data was processed using SPSS, and a significance level of p < 0.05 was considered. The results of this experiment showed that adding 1 μg/mL of cysteamine loaded on Se-NPs to the diluent significantly increased the motility, viability, and membrane integrity and SOD of spermatozoa compared to the other treatment groups and control group, and reduced the abnormality, apoptosis, and MDA level of spermatozoa in comparison with the other treatment groups and control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of cysteamine loaded on Se-NPs was found to improve the quality of ram sperm after cryopreservation.

Project description:A wide range of microorganisms have been shown to transform selenium-containing oxyanions to reduced forms of the element, particularly selenium-containing nanoparticles. Such reactions are promising for the detoxification of environmental contamination and the production of valuable selenium-containing products, such as nanoparticles for application in biotechnology. It has previously been shown that aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria, including Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath), are able to perform the methane-driven conversion of selenite (SeO32-) to selenium-containing nanoparticles and methylated selenium species. Here, the biotransformation of selenite by Mc. capsulatus (Bath) has been studied in detail via a range of imaging, chromatographic, and spectroscopic techniques. The results indicate that the nanoparticles are produced extracellularly and have a composition distinct from that of nanoparticles previously observed from other organisms. The spectroscopic data from the methanotroph-derived nanoparticles are best accounted for by a bulk structure composed primarily of octameric rings in the form Se8 -x S x with an outer coat of cell-derived biomacromolecules. Among a range of volatile methylated selenium and selenium-sulfur species detected, methyl selenol (CH3SeH) was found only when selenite was the starting material, although selenium nanoparticles (both biogenic and chemically produced) could be transformed into other methylated selenium species. This result is consistent with methyl selenol being an intermediate in the methanotroph-mediated biotransformation of selenium to all the methylated and particulate products observed.IMPORTANCE Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria are ubiquitous in the environment. Two well-characterized strains, Mc. capsulatus (Bath) and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, representing gamma- and alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs, respectively, can convert selenite, an environmental pollutant, to volatile selenium compounds and selenium-containing particulates. Both conversions can be harnessed for the bioremediation of selenium pollution using biological or fossil methane as the feedstock, and these organisms could be used to produce selenium-containing particles for food and biotechnological applications. Using an extensive suite of techniques, we identified precursors of selenium nanoparticle formation and also found that these nanoparticles are made up of eight-membered mixed selenium and sulfur rings.

Dataset Information

The synthetic cobalt vanadium selenite, Co?V?Se?O??.

Publications

The synthetic cobalt vanadium selenite, Co₂V₂Se₂O₁₁.

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