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Associations between apolipoprotein E genotype, diet, body mass index, and serum lipids in Lithuanian adult population.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism is associated with lipid levels. Some studies have reported that blood lipid response to diet or obesity varies depending on APOE genotypes. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of APOE genotypes, the intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA), and obesity on serum lipid levels in Lithuanian adult population. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A cross-sectional health survey was carried out in five municipalities of Lithuania. The random sample was obtained from lists of 25-64 year-old inhabitants registered at primary health care centres. The data from 996 subjects (416 men and 580 women) were analysed in this study. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs429358 and rs7412) were assessed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire were used for evaluation of dietary habits. Serum lipids were determined using enzymatic methods. Men and women with the APOE2 genotype had the lowest level of total cholesterol (TC) (p?=?0.002 for men, and p?=?0.02 for women) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, genotype APOE2, SFA intake, and body mass index (BMI) were significant determinants of TC and LDL-C level (with p values ranging from 0.043 to 0.001). Our data did not reveal any statistically significant interactions between APOE genotype and SFA intake or between APOE genotype and BMI regarding TC and LDL-C level (all p>0.05). However, the predictive power of the regression model for LDL-C improved when gene-BMI interaction and gene-BMI interaction plus gene-nutrient interaction were added (p?=?0.04 and p?=?0.032 for R(2) change, respectively). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: APOE genotypes, SFA intake, and obesity were found to be associated with blood lipid levels in Lithuanian adult population. Analysis of gene-diet and gene-obesity interactions did not confirm that the effects of diet and obesity on TC and LDL-C level significantly depended on APOE genotype.

SUBMITTER: Petkeviciene J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3402524 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations between apolipoprotein E genotype, diet, body mass index, and serum lipids in Lithuanian adult population.

Petkeviciene Janina J Smalinskiene Alina A Luksiene Dalia Ieva DI Jureniene Kristina K Ramazauskiene Vitalija V Klumbiene Jurate J Lesauskaite Vaiva V

PloS one 20120723 7

<h4>Background</h4>Apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism is associated with lipid levels. Some studies have reported that blood lipid response to diet or obesity varies depending on APOE genotypes. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of APOE genotypes, the intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA), and obesity on serum lipid levels in Lithuanian adult population.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>A cross-sectional health survey was carried out in five municipalities of Lithuania. The r ...[more]

PMID: 22844488

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Project description:BackgroundPerfluorooctanoate (PFOA) has been used extensively in the manufacture of both commercial and household products. PFOA serum concentrations have been associated with adverse health effects, including lower body mass in children and infants.ObjectiveTo determine if there is an association between serum PFOA concentration and body mass, serum insulin and lipid profile in exposed young girls.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of PFAS environmental biomarkers and insulin resistance in 6 to 8 year-old girls from Greater Cincinnati (n=353). In 2004-2006, blood samples were obtained to measure polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), fasting insulin, glucose and lipids. Clinical exams included anthropometric measurements and pubertal maturation staging. Linear regression and mediation analyses, specifically structural equation modeling (SEM), were used to determine the strength and direction of the relationships between PFAS, pubertal maturation status, body mass index (BMI), cholesterol and insulin resistance.ResultsThe median PFOA (7.7ng/ml) was twice the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2006). Only PFOA, a PFAS sub-species, showed statistically significant relationships with the outcomes. In regression models, PFOA was associated with decreased BMI and waist-to-height ratio (p=0.0008; p=0.0343), HDL-cholesterol (p=0.0046) and had a borderline inverse association with the HOMA Index of insulin resistance (p=0.0864). In SEM, PFOA retained an inverse relationship with BMI (p<0.0001) but the relationships with HOMA and HDL-cholesterol were no longer statistically significant. Pubertal initiation (Tanner breast or pubic stage 2 or greater) and BMI were associated with increased HOMA Index (p<0.0001).ConclusionsThese findings suggest PFOA exposure in young girls affects both BMI and ultimately insulin resistance. In mediation analysis with puberty in the model, the direct effects of PFOA on insulin resistance and were reduced.

Dataset Information

Associations between apolipoprotein E genotype, diet, body mass index, and serum lipids in Lithuanian adult population.

Publications

Associations between apolipoprotein E genotype, diet, body mass index, and serum lipids in Lithuanian adult population.

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