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Odor, gaseous and PM₁₀ emissions from small scale combustion of wood types indigenous to Central Europe.

ABSTRACT: In this study, we investigated the emissions, including odor, from log wood stoves, burning wood types indigenous to mid-European countries such as Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Switzerland, as well as Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria (Germany) and South Tyrol (Italy). The investigations were performed with a modern, certified, 8 kW, manually fired log wood stove, and the results were compared to emissions from a modern 9 kW pellet stove. The examined wood types were deciduous species: black locust, black poplar, European hornbeam, European beech, pedunculate oak (also known as "common oak"), sessile oak, turkey oak and conifers: Austrian black pine, European larch, Norway spruce, Scots pine, silver fir, as well as hardwood briquettes. In addition, "garden biomass" such as pine cones, pine needles and dry leaves were burnt in the log wood stove. The pellet stove was fired with softwood pellets. The composite average emission rates for log wood and briquettes were 2030 mg MJ^-1 for CO; 89 mg MJ^-1 for NO_x, 311 mg MJ^-1 for C_xH_y, 67 mg MJ^-1 for particulate matter PM₁₀ and average odor concentration was at 2430 OU m^-3. CO, C_xH_y and PM₁₀ emissions from pellets combustion were lower by factors of 10, 13 and 3, while considering NO_x - comparable to the log wood emissions. Odor from pellets combustion was not detectable. C_xH_y and PM10 emissions from garden biomass (needles and leaves) burning were 10 times higher than for log wood, while CO and NO_x rise only slightly. Odor levels ranged from not detectable (pellets) to around 19,000 OU m^-3 (dry leaves). The odor concentration correlated with CO, C_xH_y and PM₁₀. For log wood combustion average odor ranged from 536 OU m^-3 for hornbeam to 5217 OU m^-3 for fir, indicating a considerable influence of the wood type on odor concentration.

SUBMITTER: Kistler M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3587413 | biostudies-literature | 2012 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Odor, gaseous and PM<sub>10</sub> emissions from small scale combustion of wood types indigenous to Central Europe.

Kistler Magdalena M Schmidl Christoph C Padouvas Emmanuel E Giebl Heinrich H Lohninger Johann J Ellinger Reinhard R Bauer Heidi H Puxbaum Hans H

Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994) 20120501 C

In this study, we investigated the emissions, including odor, from log wood stoves, burning wood types indigenous to mid-European countries such as Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Switzerland, as well as Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria (Germany) and South Tyrol (Italy). The investigations were performed with a modern, certified, 8 kW, manually fired log wood stove, and the results were compared to emissions from a modern 9 kW pellet stove. The examined wood types were ...[more]

PMID: 23471123

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Project description:In Dhaka, Bangladesh, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution shows strong seasonal trends, with significantly higher mean concentrations during winter than during the monsoon (winter = 178.1 μg/m3 vs. monsoon = 30.2 μg/m3). Large-scale open burning of post-harvest agricultural waste across the Indo-Gangetic Plain is a major source of PM2.5 air pollution in northern India during the non-monsoon period. This study evaluates the extent to which the seasonal differences in PM2.5 pollution concentrations in Dhaka are accounted for by biomass-burning vs. fossil-fuel combustion sources. To assess this, an index was developed based on elemental potassium (K) as a marker for biomass particulate matter, after adjusting for soil-associated K contributions. Alternatively, particulate sulfur was employed as a tracer index for fossil-fuel combustion PM2.5. By simultaneously regressing total PM2.5 on S and adjusted K, the PM2.5 mass for each day was apportioned into: 1) fossil-fuels combustion associated PM2.5; 2) biomass-burning associated PM2.5; and, 3) all other PM2.5. The results indicated that fossil-fuel combustion contributed 21.6% (19.5 μg/m3), while biomass contributed 40.2% (36.3 μg/m3) of overall average PM2.5 from September 2013 to December 2017. However, the mean source contributions varied by season: PM2.5 in Dhaka during the monsoon season was dominated by fossil-fuels sources (44.3%), whereas PM2.5 mass was dominated by biomass-burning (41.4%) during the remainder of the year. The contribution to PM2.5 and each of its source components by transport of pollution into Dhaka during non-monsoon time was also evaluated by: 1) Conditional bivariate (CBPF) and pollution rose plots; 2) Concentration weighted trajectories (CWT), and; 3) NASA satellite photos to identify aerosol loading and fire locations on high pollution days. The collective evidence indicates that, while the air pollution in Dhaka is contributed to by both local and transboundary sources, the highest pollution days were dominated by biomass-related PM2.5, during periods of crop-burning in the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

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Odor, gaseous and PM₁₀ emissions from small scale combustion of wood types indigenous to Central Europe.

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Odor, gaseous and PM<sub>10</sub> emissions from small scale combustion of wood types indigenous to Central Europe.

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Odor, gaseous and PM10 emissions from small scale combustion of wood types indigenous to Central Europe.

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Odor, gaseous and PM<sub>10</sub> emissions from small scale combustion of wood types indigenous to Central Europe.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Odor, gaseous and PM₁₀ emissions from small scale combustion of wood types indigenous to Central Europe.