Dataset Information

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM2.5 emissions to global consumption.

ABSTRACT: Globalization pushes production and consumption to geographically diverse locations and generates a variety of sizeable opportunities and challenges. The distribution and associated effects of short-lived primary fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a representative of local pollution, are significantly affected by the consumption through global supply chain. Tele-connection is used here to represent the link between production and consumption activity at large distances. In this study, we develop a global consumption-based primary PM2.5 emission inventory to track primary PM2.5 emissions embodied in the supply chain and evaluate the extent to which local PM2.5 emissions are triggered by international trade. We further adopt consumption-based accounting and identify the global original source that produced the emissions. We find that anthropogenic PM2.5 emissions from industrial sectors accounted for 24?Tg globally in 2007; approximately 30% (7.2?Tg) of these emissions were embodied in export of products principally from Brazil, South Africa, India and China (3.8?Tg) to developed countries. Large differences (up to 10 times) in the embodied emissions intensity between net importers and exporters greatly increased total global PM2.5 emissions. Tele-connecting production and consumption activity provides valuable insights with respect to mitigating long-range transboundary air pollution and prompts concerted efforts aiming at more environmentally conscious globalization.

SUBMITTER: Meng J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5134305 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions to global consumption.

Meng Jing J Liu Junfeng J Xu Yuan Y Guan Dabo D Liu Zhu Z Huang Ye Y Tao Shu S

Proceedings. Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences 20161101 2195

Globalization pushes production and consumption to geographically diverse locations and generates a variety of sizeable opportunities and challenges. The distribution and associated effects of short-lived primary fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), a representative of local pollution, are significantly affected by the consumption through global supply chain. Tele-connection is used here to represent the link between production and consumption activity at large distances. In this study, w ...[more]

PMID: 27956874

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Project description:BackgroundWorldwide obesity has more than doubled since 1980. Researchers have attributed rising obesity rates to factors related to globalization processes, which are believed to contribute to obesity by flooding low-income country markets with inexpensive but obesogenic foods and diffusing Western-style fast food outlets (dependency/world systems theory). However, alternative explanations include domestic factors such as increases in unhealthy food consumption in response to rising income and higher women's labor force participation as countries develop economically ("modernization" theory). To what extent are processes of globalization driving rising global overweight/obesity rates versus domestic economic and social development processes? This study evaluates the influence of economic globalization versus economic development and associated processes on global weight gain.ResultsUsing two-way fixed-effects OLS regression with a panel dataset of mean body weight for 190-countries over a 30-year period (1980-2008), we find that domestic factors associated with "modernization" including increasing GDP per capita, urbanization and women's empowerment were associated with increases in mean BMI over time. There was also evidence of a curvilinear relationship between GDP per capita and BMI: among low income countries, economic growth predicted increases in BMI whereas among high-income countries, higher GDP predicted lower BMI. By contrast, economic globalization (dependency/world systems theory) did not significantly predict increases in mean BMI and cultural globalization had mixed effects. These results were robust to different model specifications, imputation approaches and variable transformations.DiscussionGlobal increases in overweight/obesity appear to be driven more by domestic processes including economic development, urbanization and women's empowerment, and are less clearly negatively impacted by external globalization processes suggesting that the harms to health from global trade regimes may be overstated.

Dataset Information

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM2.5 emissions to global consumption.

Publications

Globalization and pollution: tele-connecting local primary PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions to global consumption.

Similar Datasets

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