Optimization of culture condition for enhanced decolorization and degradation of azo dye reactive violet 1 with concomitant production of ligninolytic enzymes by Ganoderma cupreum AG-1.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Gahlout M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3597137 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:A bacterial strain RMLRT03 with ability to decolorize textile dye Acid Orange dye was isolated from textile effluent contaminated soil of Tanda, Ambedkar Nagar, Uttar Pradesh (India). The decolorization studies were performed in Bushnell and Haas medium (BHM) amended with Acid Orange dye. The bacterial strain was identified as Staphylococcus hominis on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence. The bacterial strain exhibited good decolorization ability with glucose and yeast extract supplementation as cosubstrate in static conditions. The optimal condition for the decolorization of Acid Orange dye by Staphylococcus hominis RMLRT03 strain were at pH 7.0 and 35°C in 60 h of incubation. The bacterial strain could tolerate high concentrations of Acid Orange dye up to 600 mg l(-1). The high decolorizing activity under natural environmental conditions indicates that the bacterial strain has practical application in the treatment of dye containing wastewaters.
| S-EPMC4170557 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objectivesSynthetic dyes are recalcitrant to degradation and toxic to different organisms. Decolorization of textile wastewaters is one of the major concerns since last decades. Physical-chemical treatments are very expensive and frequently producing large amounts of toxic wastes. Biological treatments can be more convenient. In the present study, an attempt has been made for decolorization of azo dyes using microbial process.Material and methodsScreening of microorganisms capable of azo dye decolorization was performed from activated sludge. The decolorization of various dyes (Reactive Black 5, Reactive Orange 16, Reactive Red 198, Direct Blue 71, Direct Yellow 12 and Direct Black 22) was determined by measuring the absorbance of culture supernatant at their λmax. Culture supernatants were also analyzed for UV-Vis absorption between 200-800 nm. The effect of aeration, temperature, different concentrations of glucose and NaCl was studied with an aim to determine the optimal conditions required for maximum decolorization.ResultsThe yeast (strain JKS4) which had high ability to decolorize different azo dyes was isolated. Under aerobic condition, the yeast strain showed 85.7% of decolorization at 200 mg/l Reactive Black 5 (as a model azo dye), 1% (w/v) glucose concentration and 35°C after 24 h. All the examined dyes were extensively decolorized (53.35-97.9%) after 24 h. With elongated incubation period, complete decolorization was observed in presence of all dyes. From the physiological properties and phylogenetic analysis based on the 26S rDNA sequences, strain JKS4 was classified into Candida palmioleophila.ConclusionsBecause of high decolorizing activity against various azo dyes commonly used in the textile industries, it is proposed that the isolated yeast may have a practical application in the biotransformation of various dye effluents.
| S-EPMC4385174 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A potential bacterial strain GSM2, capable of degrading an azo dye Reactive Violet 5 as a sole source of carbon, was isolated from textile mill effluent from Solapur, India. The 16S rDNA sequence and phenotypic characteristics indicated an isolated organism as Paracoccus sp. GSM2. This strain exhibited complete decolorization of Reactive Violet 5 (100 mg/L) within 16 h, while maximally it could decolorize 800 mg/L of dye within 38 h with 73% decolorization under static condition. For color removal, the most suitable pH and temperature were pH 6.0-9.0 and 25-40 °C, respectively. The isolate was able to decolorize more than 70% of five structurally different azo dyes within 38 h. The isolate is salt tolerant as it can bring out more than 90% decolorization up to a salt concentration of 2% (w/v). UV-Visible absorption spectra before and after decolorization suggested that decolorization was due to biodegradation and was further confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. Overall results indicate the effectiveness of the strain GSM2 explored for the treatment of textile industry effluents containing various azo dyes. To our knowledge, this could be the first report on biodegradation of Reactive Violet 5 by Paracoccus sp. GSM2.
| S-EPMC4030516 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Textile industry is one of the anthropogenic activities that consume a large amount of water and pollute water bodies. It uses a massive amount of dyes, which is one of the main constituents of polluting textile effluent. In the present research, biodegradation of Acid Blue 113 dye, a commonly used textile di-azo dye, has been studied exploiting Pseudomonas stutzeri, strain AK6. The dye (300 ppm) was decolorized up to 86.2% within 96 h. The metabolites of Acid Blue 113 obtained after biodegradation were identified by various analytical techniques viz. HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Genome analysis of isolate AK6 using IMG/M (Integrated Microbial Genomes and Microbiomes) system supported the role of azoreductase and laccase for the decolorization and degradation of azo dye. The ability of P. stutzeri AK6 to tolerate high amount of dye makes it a potential candidate for bioremediation and pre-processing to remove dyes from textile effluents.
| S-EPMC7182651 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Textile dyes are one of the major water pollutants released into water in various ways, posing serious hazards for both aquatic organisms and human beings. Bioremediation is a significantly promising technique for dye decolorization. In the present study, the fungal strain Lasiodiplodia sp. was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Schizophyllum for the first time. The isolated fungal strain was examined for laccase enzyme production under solid-state fermentation conditions with wheat bran (WB) using ABTS and 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol (DMP) as substrates, then the fermented wheat bran (FWB) was evaluated as a biosorbent for Congo red dye adsorption from aqueous solutions in comparison with unfermented wheat bran. A Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the dye removal by FWB and to analyze the interaction effects between three factors: fermentation duration, pH, and dye concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were applied to study the changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of wheat bran before and after fermentation. An additional experiment was conducted to investigate the ability of the Lasiodiplodia sp. YZH1 to remove Congo red in the dye-containing liquid culture. The results showed that laccase was produced throughout the cultivation, reaching peak activities of ∼6.2 and 22.3 U/mL for ABTS and DMP, respectively, on the fourth day of cultivation. FWB removed 89.8% of the dye (100 mg L-1) from the aqueous solution after 12 h of contact, whereas WB removed only 77.5%. Based on the Box-Behnken design results, FWB achieved 93.08% dye removal percentage under the conditions of 6 days of fermentation, pH 8.5, and 150 mg L-1 of the dye concentration after 24 h. The fungal strain removed 95.3% of 150 mg L-1 of the dye concentration after 8 days of inoculation in the dye-containing liquid culture. These findings indicate that this strain is a worthy candidate for dye removal from environmental effluents.
| S-EPMC10672102 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ligninolytic enzymes, including laccase (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP), have attracted much attention in the degradation of contaminants. Genes of Lac (1827 bp), MnP (1134 bp) and LiP (1119 bp) were cloned from Aspergillus sp. TS-A, and the recombinant Lac (69 kDa), MnP (45 kDa) and LiP (35 kDa) were secretory expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115, with enzyme activities of 34, 135.12 and 103.13 U l-1, respectively. Dyes of different structures were treated via the recombinant ligninolytic enzymes under the optimal degradation conditions, and the result showed that the decolourization rate of Lac on Congo red (CR) in 5 s was 45.5%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and toxicity tests further proved that the ligninolytic enzymes could destroy the dyes, both those with one or more azo bonds, and the degradation products were non-toxic. Moreover, the combined ligninolytic enzymes could degrade CR more completely compared with the individual enzyme. Remarkably, besides azo dyes, ligninolytic enzymes could also degrade triphenylmethane and anthracene dyes. This suggests that ligninolytic enzymes from Aspergillus sp. TS-A have the potential for application in the treatment of contaminants.
| S-EPMC7540776 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study concerns the decolorization and detoxification of the azo dye Acid Orange 51 (AO51) by crude laccase from Trametes trogii produced in solid culture using sawdust as support media. A three-level Box-Behnken factorial design with four factors (enzyme concentration, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) concentration, dye concentration and reaction time) combined with response surface methodology was applied to optimize AO51 decolorization. A mathematical model was developed showing the effect of each factor and their interactions on color removal. The model predicted that Acid Orange 51 decolorization above 87.87 ± 1.27 % could be obtained when enzyme concentration, HBT concentration, dye concentration and reaction time were set at 1 U/mL, 0.75 mM, 60 mg/L and 2 days, respectively. The experimental values were in good agreement with the predicted ones and the models were highly significant, the correlation coefficient (R2) being 0.9. Then the desirability function was employed to determine the optimal decolorization condition for each dye and minimize the process cost simultaneously. In addition, germination index assay showed that laccase-treated dye was detoxified; however in the presence of HBT, the phytotoxicity of the treated dye was increased. By using cheap agro-industrial wastes, such as sawdust, a potential laccase was obtained. The low cost of laccase production may further broaden its application in textile wastewater treatment.
| S-EPMC3597134 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The effective degradation of hazardous contaminants remains an intractable challenge in wastewater processing, especially for the high concentration of salty azo dye wastewater. However, some unique yeast symbionts identified from the termite gut system present an impressive function to deconstruct some aromatic compounds, which imply that they may be valued to work on the dye degradation for various textile effluents. In this investigation, a newly isolated and unique yeast strain, Sterigmatomyces halophilus SSA-1575, was identified from the gut system of a wood-feeding termite (WFT), Reticulitermes chinensis. Under the optimized ambient conditions, the yeast strain SSA-1575 showed a complete decolorization efficiency on Reactive Black 5 (RB5) within 24 h, where this azo dye solution had a concentration of a 50 mg/L RB5. NADH-dichlorophenol indophenol (NADH-DCIP) reductase and lignin peroxidase (LiP) were determined as the key reductase and oxidase of S. halophilus SSA-1575. Enhanced decolorization was recorded when the medium was supplemented with carbon and energy sources, including glucose, ammonium sulfate, and yeast extract. To understand a possible degradation pathway well, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR and Mass Spectrometry analyses were employed to analyze the possible decolorization pathway by SSA-1575. Determination of relatively high NADH-DCIP reductase suggested that the asymmetric cleavage of RB5 azo bond was mainly catalyzed by NADH-DCIP reductase, and finally resulting in the formation of colorless aromatic amines devoid of any chromophores. The ecotoxicology assessment of RB5 after a decolorization processing by SSA-1575, was finally conducted to evaluate the safety of its metabolic intermediates from RB5. The results of Microtox assay indicate a capability of S. halophilus SSA-1575, in the detoxification of the toxic RB5 pollutant. This study revealed the effectiveness of halotolerant yeasts in the eco-friendly remediation of hazardous pollutants and dye wastewater processing for the textile industry.
| S-EPMC7300265 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The potential disrupting effects of Azo dye on wastewater nutrients removal deserved more analysis. In this study, 15 days exposure experiments were conducted with alizarin yellow R (AYR) as a model dye to determine whether the dye caused adverse effects on biological removal of both the dye and nutrients in acclimated anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactors. The results showed that the AYR removal efficiency was, respectively, 85.7% and 66.8% at AYR concentrations of 50 and 200 mg l-1, while higher AYR inlet (400 mg l-1) might inactivate sludge. Lower removal of AYR at 200 mg l-1 of AYR was due to the insufficient support of electron donors in the anaerobic process. However, the decolorized by-products p-phenylenediamine and 5-aminosalicylic were completely decomposed in the following aerobic stage at both 50 and 200 mg l-1 of AYR concentrations. Compared with the absence of AYR, the presence of 200 mg l-1 of AYR decreased the total nitrogen removal efficiency from 82.4 to 41.1%, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency initially decreased to 68.1% and then returned to around 83.4% in the long-term exposure time. It was also found that the inhibition of AYR, nitrogen and COD removal induced by a higher concentration of AYR was due to the increased intracellular reactive oxygen species production, which caused the rise of oxidation-reduction potential value and decreased ammonia monooxygenase and nitrite oxidoreductase activities.
| S-EPMC6124032 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A halotolerant yeast, Pichia occidentalis A2, was recently isolated that can decolorize various azo dyes. The azo dye decolorization performance of this strain was characterized, including the degradation pathway and detoxification effects of this yeast. Additionally, the effect of static magnetic field (SMF) on this decolorization process was investigated. Activities of key enzymes were analyzed to estimate the change of metabolic activity. Furthermore, possible mechanisms were analyzed through detecting differentially expressed genes between yeast A2 in the absence and presence of SMF. The results indicated that yeast A2 displayed the optimal decolorization performance when the concentrations (in g/L) of glucose, (NH4)2SO4, yeast extract, and NaCl were 4.0, 1.0, 0.1, and ?30.0, respectively. Meanwhile, the optimal rotation speed, temperature, and pH were 160 rpm, 30°C, and 5.0, respectively. Acid Red B was decolorized and detoxified by yeast A2 through successive steps, including cleavage of the naphthalene-amidine bond, reductive deamination, oxidative deamination/desulfurization, open-loop of hydroxy-substituted naphthalene, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. The dye decolorization efficiency and halotolerance of yeast A2 were enhanced by 206.3 mT SMF. The activities of manganese peroxidase, and laccase were elevated 1.37- and 1.16-fold by 206.3 mT SMF, but lignin peroxidase activity showed little change. It was suggested from the transcriptome sequence that the enhanced halotolerance might be related to the upregulated genes encoding the enzymes or functional proteins related to intracellular synthesis and accumulation of glycerol.
| S-EPMC7216737 | biostudies-literature