Dataset Information

Effect of a high-protein diet on kidney function in healthy adults: results from the OmniHeart trial.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Consumption of a diet high in protein can cause glomerular hyperfiltration, a potentially maladaptive response, which may accelerate the progression of kidney disease.

Study design

An ancillary study of the OmniHeart trial, a randomized 3-period crossover feeding trial testing the effects of partial replacement of carbohydrate with protein on kidney function.

Setting & participants

Healthy adults (N=164) with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension at a community-based research clinic with a metabolic kitchen.

Intervention

Participants were fed each of 3 diets for 6 weeks. Feeding periods were separated by a 2- to 4-week washout period. Weight was held constant on each diet. The 3 diets emphasized carbohydrate, protein, or unsaturated fat; dietary protein was either 15% (carbohydrate and unsaturated fat diets) or 25% (protein diet) of energy intake.

Outcomes

Fasting serum creatinine, cystatin C, and β2-microglobulin levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Measurements

Serum creatinine, cystatin C, and β2-microglobulin collected at the end of each feeding period.

Results

Baseline cystatin C-based eGFR was 92.0±16.3 (SD) mL/min/1.73 m(2). Compared with the carbohydrate and unsaturated fat diets, the protein diet increased cystatin C-based eGFR by ~4 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (P < 0.001). The effects of the protein diet on kidney function were independent of changes in blood pressure. There was no significant difference between the carbohydrate and unsaturated fat diets.

Limitations

Participants did not have kidney disease at baseline.

Conclusions

A healthy diet rich in protein increased eGFR. Whether long-term consumption of a high-protein diet leads to kidney disease is uncertain.

SUBMITTER: Juraschek SP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3602135 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effect of a high-protein diet on kidney function in healthy adults: results from the OmniHeart trial.

Juraschek Stephen P SP Appel Lawrence J LJ Anderson Cheryl A M CA Miller Edgar R ER

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 20121204 4

<h4>Background</h4>Consumption of a diet high in protein can cause glomerular hyperfiltration, a potentially maladaptive response, which may accelerate the progression of kidney disease.<h4>Study design</h4>An ancillary study of the OmniHeart trial, a randomized 3-period crossover feeding trial testing the effects of partial replacement of carbohydrate with protein on kidney function.<h4>Setting & participants</h4>Healthy adults (N=164) with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension at a community ...[more]

PMID: 23219108

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Project description:Despite beneficial cardiovascular effects, substantial long-term modulation of food pattern could only be achieved in a limited number of participants. The impact of attitude towards healthy nutrition (ATHN) on successful modulation of dietary behavior is unclear, especially in the elderly. We aimed to analyze whether the personal ATHN influences 12-month adherence to two different dietary intervention regimes within a 36-month randomized controlled trial.Methods502 subjects were randomized to an intervention group (IG; dietary pattern focused on high intake of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), plant protein and fiber) or control group (CG; dietary recommendation in accordance with the German Society of Nutrition) within a 36-month dietary intervention trial. Sum scores for effectiveness, appreciation and practice of healthy nutrition were assessed using ATHN questionnaire during the trial (n = 344). Linear regression models were used to investigate associations between ATHN and dietary patterns at baseline and at month 12.ResultsRetirement, higher education level, age and lower body mass index (BMI) were associated with higher ATHN sum scores. ATHN was similar in CG and IG. Higher baseline intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and fiber as well as lower intake in saturated fatty acids (SFA) were associated with higher scores in practice in both groups. The intervention resulted in a stronger increase of UFA, protein and fiber in the IG after 12 months, while intake of SFA declined (p < 0.01). Higher scores in appreciation were significantly associated with higher intake of fiber and lower intake of SFA in the CG at month 12, whereas no associations between ATHN and macronutrient intake were observed in the IG after 12 months.ConclusionsWhile ATHN appeared to play a role in general dietary behavior, ATHN did not affect the success of the specific dietary intervention in the IG at month 12. Thus, the dietary intervention achieved a substantial modification of dietary pattern in the IG and was effective to override the impact of the individual ATHN on dietary behavior.

Dataset Information

Effect of a high-protein diet on kidney function in healthy adults: results from the OmniHeart trial.

Background

Study design

Setting & participants

Intervention

Outcomes

Measurements

Results

Limitations

Conclusions

Publications

Effect of a high-protein diet on kidney function in healthy adults: results from the OmniHeart trial.

Similar Datasets

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