Spin trapping of hydroperoxyl radical by a cyclic nitrone conjugated to ?-cyclodextrin: a computational study.

ABSTRACT: Spin trapping of hydroperoxyl radical (HOO.) by the amide-linked conjugate of 5-carbamoyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (AMPO) to ?-cyclodextrin (?-CD) was studied computationally using a two-layered ONIOM method. From a conformational perspective, the "internal" conformation of 5R-?-CD-AMPO is more favored than the "external" conformation in which the nitrone is located outside of the cavity of the ?-CD. When the HOO. addition product is formed, the most stable isomer has the nitroxyl (N1-O1) moiety pointing inside the cavity of the ?-CD. Thus, this "internal" conformation might protect the N1-O1 moiety of the resulting spin adduct from access by reducing agents, thereby improving the lifetime of the radical adduct. The computed energetic barrier for HOO. addition to the 5R-?-CD-AMPO is 8.7 kcal/mol, which is marginally smaller than spin trapping by the non-conjugated AMPO (that is, without the ?-CD). To optimize the reactivity of the ?-CD-AMPO conjugate, the effect of a spacer unit between the AMPO segment and the ?-CD moiety with varying methylene units, (CH2) n (n = 1, 2, 3), on the energetics of HOO. addition was evaluated. The structure with only one methylene spacer (n = 1) appears to be optimal as determined by the smaller activation barrier (6.2 kcal/mol) for HOO. addition to the nitrone moiety. Compared with very time-consuming quantum mechanical methods, the ONIOM method appears to offer significant advantages for evaluation of the best ?-CD-AMPO conjugate for trapping of such reactive oxygen species and providing for the rational design of novel nitrones as spin traps.

SUBMITTER: Bao X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3621576 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature