Dataset Information

Major effect of hydrogen peroxide on bacterioplankton metabolism in the Northeast Atlantic.

ABSTRACT: Reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide have the potential to alter metabolic rates of marine prokaryotes, ultimately impacting the cycling and bioavailability of nutrients and carbon. We studied the influence of H2O2 on prokaryotic heterotrophic production (PHP) and extracellular enzymatic activities (i.e., ?-glucosidase [BGase], leucine aminopeptidase [LAPase] and alkaline phosphatase [APase]) in the subtropical Atlantic. With increasing concentrations of H2O2 in the range of 100-1000 nM, LAPase, APase and BGase were reduced by up to 11, 23 and 62%, respectively, in the different water layers. Incubation experiments with subsurface waters revealed a strong inhibition of all measured enzymatic activities upon H2O2 amendments in the range of 10-500 nM after 24 h. H2O2 additions also reduced prokaryotic heterotrophic production by 36-100% compared to the rapid increases in production rates occurring in the unamended controls. Our results indicate that oxidative stress caused by H2O2 affects prokaryotic growth and hydrolysis of specific components of the organic matter pool. Thus, we suggest that oxidative stress may have important consequences on marine carbon and energy fluxes.

SUBMITTER: Baltar F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3625187 | biostudies-literature | 2013

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Major effect of hydrogen peroxide on bacterioplankton metabolism in the Northeast Atlantic.

Baltar Federico F Reinthaler Thomas T Herndl Gerhard J GJ Pinhassi Jarone J

PloS one 20130412 4

Reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide have the potential to alter metabolic rates of marine prokaryotes, ultimately impacting the cycling and bioavailability of nutrients and carbon. We studied the influence of H2O2 on prokaryotic heterotrophic production (PHP) and extracellular enzymatic activities (i.e., β-glucosidase [BGase], leucine aminopeptidase [LAPase] and alkaline phosphatase [APase]) in the subtropical Atlantic. With increasing concentrations of H2O2 in the range of 100-100 ...[more]

PMID: 23593386

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Project description:While research into the growth, survival, nutrition and, more recently, disease susceptibility of triploid Atlantic salmon has expanded, there remains an overall lack of studies assessing the response of triploids to chemical treatments. It is essential that the response of triploids to disease treatments be characterised to validate their suitability for commercial production. This study aimed to investigate and compare the stress and immune responses of triploid and diploid Atlantic salmon following an experimental treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A dose response test was first undertaken to determine a suitable test dose for both diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon. Following this, diploids and triploids were exposed to H2O2 (1800 ppm) for 20 min, as per commercial practices, after which blood glucose and lactate, and plasma cortisol and lysozyme were measured, along with the expression of oxidative stress and immune-related genes. In the first 6 h post-exposure to H2O2, comparable mortalities occurred in both diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon. Cortisol, glucose and lactate were not significantly influenced by ploidy suggesting that, physiologically, triploid Atlantic salmon are able to cope with the stress associated with H2O2 exposure as well as their diploid counterparts. Exposure to H2O2 significantly elevated the expression of cat and sod2 in diploid livers and gr, il1β and crp/sap1b in diploid gills, while it significantly decreased the expression of saa5 and crp/sap1a in diploid gills. In triploids, the expression levels of cat, hsp70, sod1, saa5, crp/sap1a and crp/sap1b in liver was significantly higher in fish exposed to H2O2 compared to control fish. The expression of gr, sod1 and il1β in triploid gills was also elevated in response to H2O2 exposure. This study represents the first experimental evidence of the effects of H2O2 exposure on triploid Atlantic salmon and continues to support their application into commercial production.

Dataset Information

Major effect of hydrogen peroxide on bacterioplankton metabolism in the Northeast Atlantic.

Publications

Major effect of hydrogen peroxide on bacterioplankton metabolism in the Northeast Atlantic.

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