Dataset Information

Association of raw fruit and fruit juice consumption with blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Epidemiologic evidence suggests that fruit consumption may lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases through blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects; little is known on the independent effect of raw fruit and fruit juice on BP.

Objective

The objective was to quantify associations of raw fruit and fruit juice consumption with BP by using cross-sectional data from the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure (INTERMAP) of 4680 men and women aged 40-59 y from Japan, China, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Design

During 4 visits, 8 BP, four 24-h dietary recalls, and two 24-h urine samples were collected. Country-specific multivariate-controlled linear regression coefficients, including adjustment for urinary sodium excretion, were estimated and pooled, weighted by inverse of their variance.

Results

The average total raw fruit consumption varied from a mean ± SD of 52 ± 65 g/1000 kcal in the United States to 68 ± 70 g/1000 kcal in China. Individual raw fruit intake was not associated with BP in pooled analyses for all countries or in participants from Western countries, although a positive association with diastolic BP was observed in East Asian participants (per 50 g/1000 kcal; 0.37 mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.71). Positive relationships with diastolic BP were found for citrus fruit intake in Western consumers (per 25 g/1000 kcal; 0.47 mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.81) and for apple intake in East Asian consumers (0.40 mm Hg; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.78). Among East Asian banana consumers, banana intake was inversely associated with diastolic BP (-1.01 mm Hg; 95% CI: -1.88, -0.02). Fruit juice intake, which was negligible in Asia, was not related to BP in Western countries.

Conclusion

Consistent associations were not found between raw fruit and fruit juice consumption of individuals and BP. This observational study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005271.

SUBMITTER: Oude Griep LM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3628377 | biostudies-literature | 2013 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Association of raw fruit and fruit juice consumption with blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study.

Oude Griep Linda M LM Stamler Jeremiah J Chan Queenie Q Van Horn Linda L Steffen Lyn M LM Miura Katsuyuki K Ueshima Hirotsugu H Okuda Nagako N Zhao Liancheng L Daviglus Martha L ML Elliott Paul P

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20130403 5

<h4>Background</h4>Epidemiologic evidence suggests that fruit consumption may lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases through blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects; little is known on the independent effect of raw fruit and fruit juice on BP.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective was to quantify associations of raw fruit and fruit juice consumption with BP by using cross-sectional data from the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure (INTERMAP) of 4680 men and women aged 40-59 y ...[more]

PMID: 23553162

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundEpidemiologic evidence linking blood pressure (BP) and body weight-lowering effects with fruit and vegetable consumption mostly relies on self-reported dietary assessment prone to misreport and under- or overestimation of relationships.ObjectivesWe aimed to characterize objective 24-h urinary metabolites and a derived metabolite score associated with fruit and vegetable intake and assessed their associations with BP and BMI, with validation across cohorts.MethodsWe used untargeted proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) of 2 timed repeated 24-h urine collections from free-living participants from the US (n = 2032) and the UK (n = 449) of the cross-sectional International Study of Macro-/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP). We evaluated correlations between fruit and vegetable intake assessed by 24-h dietary recalls with 7100 1H NMR features, adjusted for confounders and multiple testing. We related identified metabolites and a metabolite score with BP and BMI using extensively adjusted multiple linear regression models.ResultsWe characterized 11 1H NMR-derived 24-h urinary metabolites related to fruit and vegetable intake, reproducible across multiple 24-h urine collections of both cohorts. Proline betaine, citrate, N-methylproline, scyllo-inositol, 2-hydroxy-2-(4-methyl cyclohex-3-en-1-yl) propoxyglucuronide, and proline were associated with fruit intake, specifically with Rutaceae intake, whereas S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide and S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide metabolite were associated with Brassicaceae intake. The metabolite score, explaining 39.8% of fruit and vegetable intake, was inversely associated with systolic BP [-1.65 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.68, -0.62; P < 0.002] and BMI (-1.21 kg/m2; 95% CI: -1.62, -0.78; P < 0.0001). These associations were, to a large extent, explained by urinary citrate excretion.ConclusionsWe identified 1H NMR-derived urinary metabolites associated with fruit and vegetable consumption, consistent and reproducible between urine collections and across populations. A higher fruit and vegetable-related metabolite score showed associations with lower systolic BP and BMI, mainly mediated by citrate, but would need confirmation in further studies.

Project description:BackgroundResults from observational studies regarding associations between fish (including shellfish) intake and cardiovascular disease risk factors, including blood pressure (BP) and BMI, are inconsistent.ObjectiveTo investigate associations of fish consumption and associated urinary metabolites with BP and BMI in free-living populations.MethodsWe used cross-sectional data from the International Study of Macro-/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP), including 4680 men and women (40-59 y) from Japan, China, the United Kingdom, and United States. Dietary intakes were assessed by four 24-h dietary recalls and BP from 8 measurements. Urinary metabolites (2 timed 24-h urinary samples) associated with fish intake acquired from NMR spectroscopy were identified. Linear models were used to estimate BP and BMI differences across categories of intake and per 2 SD higher intake of fish and its biomarkers.ResultsNo significant associations were observed between fish intake and BP. There was a direct association with fish intake and BMI in the Japanese population sample (P trend = 0.03; fully adjusted model). In Japan, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and taurine, respectively, demonstrated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.81 and 0.78 in discriminating high against low fish intake, whereas homarine (a metabolite found in shellfish muscle) demonstrated an AUC of 0.80 for high/nonshellfish intake. Direct associations were observed between urinary TMAO and BMI for all regions except Japan (P < 0.0001) and in Western populations between TMAO and BP (diastolic blood pressure: mean difference 1.28; 95% CI: 0.55, 2.02 mmHg; P = 0.0006, systolic blood pressure: mean difference 1.67; 95% CI: 0.60, 2.73 mmHg; P = 0.002).ConclusionsUrinary TMAO showed a stronger association with fish intake in the Japanese compared with the Western population sample. Urinary TMAO was directly associated with BP in the Western but not the Japanese population sample. Associations between fish intake and its biomarkers and downstream associations with BP/BMI appear to be context specific. INTERMAP is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005271.

Dataset Information

Association of raw fruit and fruit juice consumption with blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study.

Background

Objective

Design

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Association of raw fruit and fruit juice consumption with blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study.

Similar Datasets

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