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Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with improved cardiac autonomic function among middle-aged men: a twin study.

ABSTRACT: Reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of cardiac autonomic dysfunction, is a risk factor for coronary artery disease. Diet can influence HRV, but this association may be confounded by genetic and environmental factors.We administered the Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire to 276 middle-aged male twins. We derived a score measuring the extent to which an individual's diet conformed to the Mediterranean diet following a published algorithm. The higher the score, the greater the similarity to the Mediterranean diet. All twins underwent 24-hour ambulatory ECG recording. Time and frequency domain measures of HRV were calculated. Mixed-effects regression was used to partition the association into between- and within-twin pair differences. After adjusting for energy intake, other nutritional factors, shared genes, and common environment, a 1-unit higher score was significantly associated with 3.9% to 13% higher time and frequency domain HRV parameters. Further controlling for known cardiovascular risk factors and use of fish oil supplements and medications did not substantially change the estimates.The Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with higher HRV.

SUBMITTER: Dai J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3645294 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with improved cardiac autonomic function among middle-aged men: a twin study.

Dai Jun J Lampert Rachel R Wilson Peter W PW Goldberg Jack J Ziegler Thomas R TR Vaccarino Viola V

Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes 20100615 4

<h4>Background</h4>Reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of cardiac autonomic dysfunction, is a risk factor for coronary artery disease. Diet can influence HRV, but this association may be confounded by genetic and environmental factors.<h4>Methods and results</h4>We administered the Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire to 276 middle-aged male twins. We derived a score measuring the extent to which an individual's diet conformed to the Mediterranean diet following a published algorithm ...[more]

PMID: 20551372

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Most absorbed lead ends up in the bone, where it can be measured as a biomarker of cumulative exposure, elevations of which have been shown to predict a higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Knowledge about the role of dietary patterns is critical to the development of effective interventions for the cardiovascular toxicity of cumulative lead exposure. METHODS:594 men, free of CHD at baseline, were followed from August 1991 to June 2011 in the Normative Aging Study. Bone lead concentrations were measured by K-shell-X-ray fluorescence. Dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: a 'prudent' pattern characterized by high intake of fruit, vegetables, legumes, tomatoes, poultry, and seafood; and a 'Western' pattern, with high intake of red meat, processed meat, refined grains, high-fat dairy products, high-energy drinks, fries, butter and eggs. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CHD. Effect modification on the multiplicative scale was examined through cross-product interaction terms. RESULTS:137 men developed incident CHD events during 5071 person-years of follow-up. After adjusting for age, body mass index, total energy intake, smoking status, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio, education and occupation, an HR of incident CHD was 1.64 (95% CI: 1.27-2.11) with each doubling in patella lead concentration in the low prudent diet group (<?median prudent score); and the HR decreased to 1.07 (95% CI: 0.86-1.34) in the high prudent diet (??median prudent score) (p-for-interaction?=?0.01), suggesting protective effects of prudent diet against lead-related CHD. By contrast, the association between tibia lead and CHD was non-significantly larger in the low Western diet group (HR?=?1.43, 95% CI: 1.14-1.80) compared with the high Western diet group (HR?=?1.08, 95% CI: 0.86-1.34) (p-for-interaction?=?0.06). No significant effect modifications were detected by Western diet in the patella lead-CHD association and by prudent diet in the tibia lead-CHD association. CONCLUSIONS:Prudent diet may reduce the risk of development of CHD in relation to patella lead. However, these findings need to be interpreted with caution, given the modest sample size.

Project description:BackgroundMushrooms are a nutritious food, though knowledge of the effects of mushroom consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors is limited and inconsistent.ObjectiveWe assessed the effects of consuming mushrooms as part of a healthy United States Mediterranean-style dietary pattern (MED) on traditional and emerging cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors. We hypothesized that adopting a MED diet with mushrooms would lead to greater improvements in multiple CMD risk factors.MethodsUsing a randomized, parallel study design, 60 adults (36 females, 24 males; aged 46 ± 12 y; body mass index 28.3 ± 2.84 kg/m2, mean ± standard deviation) without diagnosed CMD morbidities consumed a MED diet (all foods provided) without (control with breadcrumbs) or with 84 g/d of Agaricus bisporus (White Button, 4 d/wk) and Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster, 3 d/wk) mushrooms for 8 wk. Fasting baseline and postintervention outcome measurements were traditional CMD risk factors, including blood pressure and fasting serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, and insulin. Exploratory CMD-related outcomes included lipoprotein particle sizes and indexes of inflammation.ResultsAdopting the MED-mushroom diet compared with the MED-control diet without mushrooms improved fasting serum glucose (change from baseline -2.9 ± 1.18 compared with 0.6 ± 1.10 mg/dL; time × group P = 0.034). Adopting the MED diet, independent of mushroom consumption, reduced serum total cholesterol (-10.2 ± 3.77 mg/dL; time P = 0.0001). Concomitantly, there was a reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, buoyant HDL2b, and apolipoprotein A1, and an increase in lipoprotein(a) concentrations (main effect of time P < 0.05 for all). There were no changes in other measured CMD risk factors.ConclusionsConsuming a Mediterranean-style healthy dietary pattern with 1 serving/d of whole Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms improved fasting serum glucose but did not influence other established or emerging CMD risk factors among middle-aged and older adults classified as overweight or obese but with clinically normal cardiometabolic health.Trial registration numberhttps://www.Clinicaltrialsgov/study/NCT04259229?term=NCT04259229&rank=1.

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Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with improved cardiac autonomic function among middle-aged men: a twin study.

Publications

Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with improved cardiac autonomic function among middle-aged men: a twin study.

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