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Heritability of arterial stiffness in black and white American youth and young adults.

ABSTRACT: Our objectives were to examine the heritability of arterial stiffness measured as pulse-wave velocity (PWV), and its dependence on ethnicity, gender, and blood pressure (BP).As part of the Georgia Cardiovascular Twin Study, we measured aorto-radial (radial) and aorto-dorsalis-pedis (foot) PWV in 702 twins (41% black; 49% male) aged 12 to 30 years (mean age, 17.7 +/- 3.3 years), including monozygotic and dizygotic pairs of the same as well as opposite gender. Ethnicity and gender effects on genetic and environmental contributions to PWV were estimated by genetic model fitting.Diastolic BP was the most important hemodynamic predictor. The best-fitting models showed no ethnicity or gender differences in estimates of genetic and environmental influence, and indicated substantial heritabilities of 0.43 (95% confidence interval, 0.30 to 0.54) and 0.53 (95% confidence interval, 0.42 to 0.62) for radial and foot PWV, respectively. Over a quarter of these heritabilities (0.19 for radial PWV; 0.14 for foot PWV) could be attributed to genes that also influenced diastolic BP, as based on multivariate models.Individual differences in the arterial stiffness of youth and young adults are substantially heritable, and >25% of this heritability is explained by genes that also influence diastolic BP. Heritability estimates do not show any differences between blacks and whites or males and females.

SUBMITTER: Ge D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3672691 | biostudies-literature | 2007 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heritability of arterial stiffness in black and white American youth and young adults.

Ge Dongliang D Young Thomas W TW Wang Xiaoling X Kapuku Gaston K GK Treiber Frank A FA Snieder Harold H

American journal of hypertension 20071001 10

<h4>Background</h4>Our objectives were to examine the heritability of arterial stiffness measured as pulse-wave velocity (PWV), and its dependence on ethnicity, gender, and blood pressure (BP).<h4>Methods</h4>As part of the Georgia Cardiovascular Twin Study, we measured aorto-radial (radial) and aorto-dorsalis-pedis (foot) PWV in 702 twins (41% black; 49% male) aged 12 to 30 years (mean age, 17.7 +/- 3.3 years), including monozygotic and dizygotic pairs of the same as well as opposite gender. Et ...[more]

PMID: 17903689

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Project description:What is already known about this subject African Americans are disproportionately affected by obesity and other metabolic risk factors in comparison to White Americans. Increasing prevalence of obesity has been associated with concomitant increases in childhood hypertension, dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes. Oxidative stress is associated with obesity in both adults and children. What this study adds Oxidative stress is positively associated with total body fat and truncal fat, but not with body mass index (BMI) or BMI z-score in healthy youth. Oxidative stress is associated with diastolic blood pressure in African American but not in White American healthy youth.Oxidative stress is elevated in obese youth, but less is known regarding racial disparities in the relationship of oxidative stress with metabolic risk factors.To determine the relationship between oxidative stress and metabolic risk factors, adiposity, leptin, adiponectin and cardiovascular fitness (VO2PEAK ) in healthy African American and White American youth.A marker of oxidative stress (F2 -isoprostane), validated markers of metabolic risk factors, fitness and body composition were measured in African American (n?=?82) and White American (n?=?76) youth (8-17 years old) recruited over a range of BMI percentiles (4th to 99th).F2 -isoprostane concentration was positively correlated with percentage body fat (r?=?0.198) and percentage truncal fat (r?=?0.173), but was not different between African American and White American males and females (P?=?0.208). African American youth had significantly higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P?=?0.023 and P?=?0.011, respectively), body weight, BMI percentile and Tanner stage. After adjusting for gender, age, BMI and Tanner stage, African American youth varied from White Americans in the association of F2 -isoprostane with diastolic blood pressure (P?=?0.047), but not with systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, VO2PEAK or homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (all P?>?0.05).Oxidative stress, as measured by urinary F2 -isoprostane concentrations, was positively associated with percent body fat and truncal fat in youth. Oxidative stress levels were similar among African American and White American youth. Among markers of the metabolic syndrome, a significant difference between African American and White American youth was demonstrated only in the association of oxidative stress with diastolic blood pressure.

Dataset Information

Heritability of arterial stiffness in black and white American youth and young adults.

Publications

Heritability of arterial stiffness in black and white American youth and young adults.

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