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Effect of acute maximal exercise on vasodilatory function and arterial stiffness in African-American and white adults.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:African-Americans are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared with their white counterparts, potentially due to greater arterial stiffness and reduced vasodilatory capacity. Racial differences also exist in arterial stiffness and blood pressure (BP) following maximal aerobic exercise; African-Americans do not exhibit central post exercise BP reductions. Whether impaired vasodilatory function contributes to the lack of BP response is unknown. PURPOSE:To evaluate vasodilatory function, arterial stiffness, and hemodynamics following a maximal aerobic exercise test in young, healthy African-American and white adults. METHODS:Twenty-seven African-American and 35 white adults completed measures at baseline, 15 and 30?min after a maximal exercise test. Measures included vasodilatory capacity of forearm resistance arteries, central pulse wave velocity (PWV), and carotid artery stiffness (?). RESULTS:Forearm reactive hyperemia was greater in white but increased similarly following exercise in both groups (P?

SUBMITTER: Schroeder EC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6524539 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of acute maximal exercise on vasodilatory function and arterial stiffness in African-American and white adults.

Schroeder Elizabeth C EC Ranadive Sushant M SM Yan Huimin H Lane-Cordova Abbi D AD Kappus Rebecca M RM Cook Marc D MD Fernhall Bo B

Journal of hypertension 20190601 6

<h4>Introduction</h4>African-Americans are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared with their white counterparts, potentially due to greater arterial stiffness and reduced vasodilatory capacity. Racial differences also exist in arterial stiffness and blood pressure (BP) following maximal aerobic exercise; African-Americans do not exhibit central post exercise BP reductions. Whether impaired vasodilatory function contributes to the lack of BP response is unknown.<h4>Purpose</h4>To ev ...[more]

PMID: 30870268

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Project description:Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis quantified the effect of acute exercise mode on arterial stiffness and wave reflection measures including carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), augmentation index (AIx), and heart rate corrected AIx (AIx75). Methods: Using standardized terms, database searches from inception until 2017 identified 45 studies. Eligible studies included acute aerobic and/or resistance exercise in healthy adults, pre- and post-intervention measurements or change values, and described their study design. Data from included studies were analyzed and reported in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analytical data were reported via forest plots using absolute differences with 95% confidence intervals with the random effects model accounting for between-study heterogeneity. Reporting bias was assessed via funnel plots and, individual studies were evaluated for bias using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. A modified PEDro Scale was applied to appraise methodological concerns inherent to included studies. Results: Acute aerobic exercise failed to change cf-PWV (mean difference: 0.00 ms-1 [95% confidence interval: -0.11, 0.11], p = 0.96), significantly reduced AIx (-4.54% [-7.05, -2.04], p = 0.0004) and significantly increased AIx75 (3.58% [0.56, 6.61], p = 0.02). Contrastingly, acute resistance exercise significantly increased cf-PWV (0.42 ms-1 [0.17, 0.66], p = 0.0008), did not change AIx (1.63% [-3.83, 7.09], p = 0.56), and significantly increased AIx75 (15.02% [8.71, 21.33], p < 0.00001). Significant heterogeneity was evident within all comparisons except cf-PWV following resistance exercise, and several methodological concerns including low applicability of exercise protocols and lack of control intervention were identified. Conclusions: Distinct arterial stiffness and wave reflection responses were identified following acute exercise with overall increases in both cf-PWV and AIx75 following resistance exercise potentially arising fromcardiovascular and non-cardiovascular factors that likely differ from those following aerobic exercise. Future studies should address identified methodological limitations to enhance interpretation and applicability of arterial stiffness and wave reflection indices to exercise and health.

Dataset Information

Effect of acute maximal exercise on vasodilatory function and arterial stiffness in African-American and white adults.

Publications

Effect of acute maximal exercise on vasodilatory function and arterial stiffness in African-American and white adults.

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