Dataset Information

Hybrid watermilfoil lineages are more invasive and less sensitive to a commonly used herbicide than their exotic parent (Eurasian watermilfoil).

ABSTRACT: Hybridization may stimulate the evolution of invasiveness in human-impacted habitats if unique hybrid genotypes have higher fitness than parental genotypes. Human efforts to control invasive taxa frequently involve the intentional alteration of habitats, but few studies have considered whether hybridization can result in decreased sensitivity to control measures. Here, we investigate whether interspecific hybrids between introduced Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) and native northern watermilfoil (M. sibiricum) are more invasive than parental Eurasian watermilfoil, especially in regard to their relative responses to an herbicide commonly applied for their control (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; 2,4-D). In two separate laboratory experiments, hybrids on average grew faster and were less sensitive to 2,4-D compared with parental Eurasian watermilfoil. These two invasive traits appear to be common in hybrid watermilfoils, as opposed to being restricted to a few unique lineages, because they were found in a diversity of hybrid genotypes from several independent hybridization events. In addition, we found that hybrids occurred more frequently than parental species in natural lakes previously treated with 2,4-D. Our results provide compelling empirical evidence that hybridization is associated with the evolution of increased invasiveness in watermilfoils, and have important implications for their management.

SUBMITTER: Larue EA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3673474 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hybrid watermilfoil lineages are more invasive and less sensitive to a commonly used herbicide than their exotic parent (Eurasian watermilfoil).

Larue Elizabeth A EA Zuellig Matthew P MP Netherland Michael D MD Heilman Mark A MA Thum Ryan A RA

Evolutionary applications 20121116 3

Hybridization may stimulate the evolution of invasiveness in human-impacted habitats if unique hybrid genotypes have higher fitness than parental genotypes. Human efforts to control invasive taxa frequently involve the intentional alteration of habitats, but few studies have considered whether hybridization can result in decreased sensitivity to control measures. Here, we investigate whether interspecific hybrids between introduced Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) and native norther ...[more]

PMID: 23745138

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Project description:AimAvailability of uniformly collected presence, absence, and abundance data remains a key challenge in species distribution modeling (SDM). For invasive species, abundance and impacts are highly variable across landscapes, and quality occurrence and abundance data are critical for predicting locations at high risk for invasion and impacts, respectively. We leverage a large aquatic vegetation dataset comprising point-level survey data that includes information on the invasive plant Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil) to: (a) develop SDMs to predict invasion and impact from environmental variables based on presence-absence, presence-only, and abundance data, and (b) compare evaluation metrics based on functional and discrimination accuracy for presence-absence and presence-only SDMs.LocationMinnesota, USA.MethodsEurasian watermilfoil presence-absence and abundance information were gathered from 468 surveyed lakes, and 801 unsurveyed lakes were leveraged as pseudoabsences for presence-only models. A Random Forest algorithm was used to model the distribution and abundance of Eurasian watermilfoil as a function of lake-specific predictors, both with and without a spatial autocovariate. Occurrence-based SDMs were evaluated using conventional discrimination accuracy metrics and functional accuracy metrics assessing correlation between predicted suitability and observed abundance.ResultsWater temperature degree days and maximum lake depth were two leading predictors influencing both invasion risk and abundance, but they were relatively less important for predicting abundance than other water quality measures. Road density was a strong predictor of Eurasian watermilfoil invasion risk but not abundance. Model evaluations highlighted significant differences: Presence-absence models had high functional accuracy despite low discrimination accuracy, whereas presence-only models showed the opposite pattern.Main conclusionComplementing presence-absence data with abundance information offers a richer understanding of invasive Eurasian watermilfoil's ecological niche and enables evaluation of the model's functional accuracy. Conventional discrimination accuracy measures were misleading when models were developed using pseudoabsences. We thus caution against the overuse of presence-only models and suggest directing more effort toward systematic monitoring programs that yield high-quality data.

Project description:Implantable chemoport is a very useful device for long-term venous access for infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs and other agents. There are few studies from resource poor countries reporting complications of chemoport. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the feasibility of chemoport insertion without image guidance and by closed technique without direct visualisation of a major vein (mainly IJV) and to study the complications associated with the procedure. This was a prospective observational study which analysed 263 patients who underwent chemoport insertion. The medical records of these patients were analysed for the patient characteristics, diagnosis, port-related complications, and their management. A total of 263 patients who were harbouring either locoregionally advanced or metastatic tumour requiring either chemotherapy or targeted treatment or both were included in the study. In total, 133 (50.57%) were female patients and 130 were male patients (49.43%). A total of 236 patients (89.73%) underwent port insertion procedures under local anaesthesia. None of the patients had any major intra-operative complications. Postoperatively, 4 patients (1.52%) were found to have port catheter malposition; 3 out of this 4 were corrected under IITV guidance as a second procedure under local anaesthesia only. One patient (0.38%) required formal removal and replacement of port. Four patients (1.52%) developed IJV thrombosis requiring port removal and anti-coagulation. One patient (0.38%) developed thrombus in the right atrium. There were 2 port site infections (0.74%) requiring port removal (SSI cat. 5). Low complication rates of port insertion were observed in the present, large, prospective study. Complication rates may be further reduced by using a well-designed procedure, experienced surgeons, an aseptic environment, ultrasound-guided puncture, and fluoroscopy with contrast media.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13193-020-01265-6.

Dataset Information

Hybrid watermilfoil lineages are more invasive and less sensitive to a commonly used herbicide than their exotic parent (Eurasian watermilfoil).

Publications

Hybrid watermilfoil lineages are more invasive and less sensitive to a commonly used herbicide than their exotic parent (Eurasian watermilfoil).

Similar Datasets

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